骨纤维异常增殖症（FD）是一种发生在骨组织的良性病变，特征为正常骨组织被纤维结构和无序排列的编织骨替代。该病变常累及颅面部骨骼，特别是上下颌骨。FD患者能否行种植手术目前尚未有确切的结论。中南大学湘雅口腔医院口腔种植科收治1例右上颌后牙缺失伴右上颌骨FD的患者，缺牙区植入2颗种植体，其中1颗种植体部分位于病变区域。6个月后，锥形束CT（CBCT）显示骨结合良好，完成上部固定桥修复，咀嚼功能恢复良好。修复后1年复查患者无任何不适，种植体无松动，CBCT显示种植体周围无骨吸收，骨结合良好。本病例提示，FD不是种植修复的绝对禁忌证，但需严格评估分型、骨量等条件以减少种植失败风险。

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign bone lesion characterized by the replacement of normal bone tissue with fibrous structures and disorganized woven bone. This lesion often affects the craniofacial skeleton, particularly the maxilla and mandible. Whether dental implant surgery can be successfully performed in patients with FD lacks consensus. Our department admitted a patient with missing right upper posterior teeth and fibrous dysplasia of the right maxilla. Two implants were placed in the edentulous region, one of which was partially located within the lesion area. Six months later, CBCT revealed successful osseointegration. Subsequently, a fixed bridge was fabricated, resulting in satisfactory functional restoration of mastication. At the one-year follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic, with no implant mobility observed clinically. Repeat CBCT imaging revealed no evidence of peri-implant bone resorption, and stable osseointegration was maintained. Collectively, this case suggests that fibrous dysplasia is not an absolute contraindication for dental implant rehabilitation. However, successful outcomes necessitate meticulous preoperative assessment, including precise lesion classification, adequate evaluation of host bone quantity and quality, and careful case selection to mitigate the risk of implant failure.