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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 235 -241. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2019.04.008

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临床研究

口腔颌面锥形束CT评估非手术治疗慢性牙周炎上颌窦的黏膜变化
钟奇帜1,(), 孔令佳1, 周振邦1   
  1. 1. 深圳市宝安区中心医院口腔科(深圳大学第五附属医院)518102
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-25 出版日期:2019-08-01
  • 通信作者: 钟奇帜

Clinical application of oro-maxillaofacial cone-beam CT to evaluate the changes of maxillary sinus mucosa in nonoperative treatment of chronic periodontitis

Qizhi Zhong1,(), Lingjia Kong1, Zhenbang Zhou1   

  1. 1. Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen Department of Stomatology (The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University) , Shenzhen 518102, China
  • Received:2019-05-25 Published:2019-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Qizhi Zhong
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Zhong Qizhi, Email:
引用本文:

钟奇帜, 孔令佳, 周振邦. 口腔颌面锥形束CT评估非手术治疗慢性牙周炎上颌窦的黏膜变化[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2019, 13(04): 235-241.

Qizhi Zhong, Lingjia Kong, Zhenbang Zhou. Clinical application of oro-maxillaofacial cone-beam CT to evaluate the changes of maxillary sinus mucosa in nonoperative treatment of chronic periodontitis[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2019, 13(04): 235-241.

目的

探讨口腔颌面锥形束CT(CBCT)评估非手术治疗对慢性牙周炎上颌窦黏膜变化的影响。

方法

回顾性分析2018年1月至2018年10月在深圳市宝安区中心医院口腔科疑诊的30例慢性牙周炎伴黏膜增厚型上颌窦炎患者的临床资料,所有患者均在牙周非手术治疗前及治疗后6个月进行口腔颌面CBCT扫描,分析上颌窦黏膜变化,将治疗前后的各项牙周指标[探诊深度(PD)、临床附着丧失(CAL)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)]、上颌窦黏膜厚度和长度进行比较。采用皮尔逊相关系数分析临床指标与黏膜厚度值之间的相关性,对左右侧黏膜厚度值及长度值、治疗前后各项检查指标的比较采用配对t检验。

结果

牙周治疗前30例患者上颌窦黏膜厚度值与PD、CAL呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。共58侧上颌窦黏膜术前出现增厚现象,其中轻度上颌窦黏膜增厚20侧,治疗后6个月黏膜厚度值[(1.1 ± 0.6)mm]小于治疗前[(2.5 ± 0.7)mm],差异有统计学意义(t = 2.983,P = 0.015);中度上颌窦黏膜增厚30侧,治疗后6个月黏膜厚度值[(2.3 ± 0.6)mm]小于治疗前[(5.8 ± 0.5)mm],差异有统计学意义(t = 3.987,P<0.001);重度上颌窦黏膜增厚8侧,治疗后6个月黏膜厚度值[(4.2 ± 0.4)mm]亦小于治疗前[(11.2 ± 1.8)mm],差异有统计学意义(t = 3.951,P<0.001)。轻、中、重度上颌窦黏膜增厚者,治疗后各项牙周指标与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

牙周非手术治疗对改善上颌窦黏膜增厚有积极意义,口腔颌面CBCT是一种无创、定量研究牙周组织和上颌窦周围组织的有效影像学检测方法。

Objective

The present study used oro-maxillaofacial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to analyze the effect of nonoperative periodontal treatment on morphological changes of the schneiderian membrane of maxillary sinus, in the chronic periodontitis patients.

Methods

The clinical data of 30 cases of chronic periodontitis, with mucosal thickening maxillary sinusitis suspected in the department of stomatology of the central hospital of Baoan district in Shenzhen from January 2018 to October 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent oro-maxillaofacial CBCT scanning at 6 months after the first periodontal non-surgical treatment. The changes of the maxillary sinus mucosa were measured by CBCT software, and the clinical indexes [probing depth (PD) , clinical attachment loss (CAL) , plaque index (PLI) , sulcus bleeding index (SBI) ] thickness and length of maxillary sinus mucosa before and after treatment were also analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between clinical indicators and mucosal thickness. The paired t test was used to compare the thickness and length of the left and right mucous membrane as well as the examination indexes before and after treatment.

Results

Among 30 patients, the dimension of the mucosal thickening was positively correlated with PD and CAL values, and the correlation was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Totally 58 maxillary sinus showed mucosal thickening. There were 20 mild thickening cases, and the dimension of mucosal thickening 6 months after treatment [ (1.1±0.6) mm] was significantly lower than that before treatment [ (2.5±0.7) mm] (t = 2.983, P = 0.015) . There were 30 moderate thickening cases and the dimension of mucosal thickening 6 months after treatment [ (2.3±0.6) mm] was significantly lower than that before treatment [ (5.8±0.5) mm] (t = 3.987, P<0.001) . There were 8 severe thickening cases and the dimension of mucosal thickening 6 months after treatment [ (4.2 ± 0.4) mm] was also significantly lower than that before treatment [ (11.2±1.8) mm] (t = 3.951, P<0.001) . The periodontal indexes of patients with mild, moderate and severe mucosal thickening in maxillary sinus showed statistically significant difference after treatment compared with those before treatment (P<0.05) .

Conclusions

Nonoperative periodontal treatment has a positive therapeutic significance for improving the schneiderian membrane thickening of maxillary sinus. Oro-maxillaofacial CBCT is a non-invasive and quantitative imaging method for the evaluation of periodontal tissue and maxillary sinus tissues.

图1 上颌窦底黏膜厚度长度CT测量图 A:以上颌第一磨牙为参照,将轴面设定至经过上颌第一磨牙牙颈部断面;B:冠状面设定至平分上颌第一磨牙颊舌侧断面;C:矢状面设定至平分上颌第一磨牙近远中断面,测量此界面下上颌窦黏膜厚度值和黏膜的长度值
图2 上颌窦底黏膜厚度及长度测量示意图 a、b点间的距离为上颌窦底到黏膜厚度最高点的距离,即上颌窦黏膜厚度值(D值);c、d点间的距离为上颌窦底黏膜起点到终点的距离,即上颌窦黏膜长度值(L值)
表1 3种不同类型上颌窦黏膜增厚患者的上颌后牙牙槽骨吸收程度最重牙位的分布[侧(%)]
图3 3例慢性牙周炎伴上颌窦黏膜增厚患者上颌窦下壁黏膜均发生不同程度的增厚现象,箭头示牙周炎导致牙槽骨吸收最严重的上颌后牙 A:27牙槽骨吸收至根尖(男,39岁);B:26牙槽骨吸收至根尖(女,41岁);C:26,27牙槽骨均吸收至根尖(男,35岁)
表2 60侧上颌窦黏膜厚度值与上颌后牙各项牙周指标的相关关系
表3 10例轻度上颌窦黏膜增厚患者牙周临床指标、上颌窦黏膜厚度值及长度值治疗前后的比较(±s
表4 15例中度上颌窦黏膜增厚患者牙周临床指标、上颌窦黏膜厚度值及长度值治疗前后的比较(±s
表5 4例重度上颌窦黏膜增厚患者牙周临床指标、上颌窦黏膜厚度值及长度值治疗前后的比较(±s
图4 轻度上颌窦黏膜增厚患者(男,45岁)治疗前后上颌窦黏膜厚度值的变化 A:治疗前;B:治疗后6个月
图5 中度上颌窦黏膜增厚患者(女,33岁)治疗前后上颌窦黏膜厚度值的变化 A:治疗前;B:治疗后6个月
图6 重度上颌窦黏膜增厚患者(男,35岁)治疗前后上颌窦黏膜厚度值的变化 A:治疗前;B:治疗后6个月
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