| 1 |
Weber HP， Kim DM， Ng MW， et al. Peri-implant soft-tissue health surrounding cement- and screw-retained implant restorationsa： a multicenter， 3-year prospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res， 2006，17（4）：375-379.
|
| 2 |
Heitz-Mayfield LJ， Huynh-Ba G. History of treated periodontitis and smoking as risks for implant therapy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants，2009，24 Suppl：39-68.
|
| 3 |
Koldsland OC， Scheie AA， Aass AM. Prevalence of implant loss and the influence of associated factors. J Periodontol， 2009，80（7）：1069-1075.
|
| 4 |
Hardt CR， Gröndahl K， Lekholm U， et al. Outcome of implant therapy in relation to experienced loss of periodontal bone support： a retrospective 5-year study. Clin Oral Implants Res， 2002，13（5）：488-494.
|
| 5 |
Bower RC. Peri-implants. Ann R Australas Coll Dent Surg， 1996，13：48-57.
|
| 6 |
Buser D， Ingimarsson S， Dula K， et al. Long-term stability of osseointegrated implants in augmented bone： a 5-year prospective study in partially edentulous patients. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent， 2002，22（2）：109-117.
|
| 7 |
Becker W， Hujoel PP， Becker BE， et al. Osteoporsis and implant failure：an exploratory case-control study. J Periodontol， 2000，71（4）：625-631.
|
| 8 |
Braceras I， Ipiñazar E， De Maeztu MA， et al. Risk analysis and implants. Med Eng Phys， 2008，30（9）：1201-1204.
|
| 9 |
Mengel R， Flores-de-jacoby L. Implants in patients treated for generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis： a 3-year prospective longitudinal study. J Periodontol， 2005，76（4）：534-543.
|
| 10 |
Anitua E， Orive G， Aguirre JJ， et al. 5-year clinical experience with BTI dental implants： risk factors for implant failure. J Clin Periodontol， 2008，35（8）：724-732.
|
| 11 |
Serino G， Ström C. Peri-implantitis in partially edentulous patients： association with inadequate plaque control. Clin Oral Implants Res，2009，209（2）：169-174.
|
| 12 |
Haas R， Haimböck W， Mailath G， et al. The relationship of smoking on peri-implant tissue： a retrospective study. J Prosthet Dent，1996，76（6）：592-596.
|
| 13 |
Roos-Jansåker AM， Renvert H， Lindahl C， et al. Nine- to fourteen-year follow-up of implant treatment. Part Ⅲ： factors associated with peri-implant lesions. J Clin Periodontol， 2006，33（4）：296-301.
|
| 14 |
Abt E. Smoking increases dental implant failures and complications. Evid Based Dent， 2009，10（3）：79-80.
|
| 15 |
Kumar A， Jaffin RA， Berman C. The effect of smoking on achieving osseointegration of surface-modified implants： a clinical report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants， 2002，17（6）：816-819.
|
| 16 |
Bain CA， Weng D， Meltzer A， et al. A meta-analysis evaluating the risk for implant failure in patients who smoke. Campend Contin Educ Dent， 2002，23（8）：695-699，702，704.
|
| 17 |
Al-Bayaty FH， Wahid NA， Bulgiba AM. Tooth mortality in smokers and nonsmokers in a selected population in Sanna'a，Yemen. J Periodont Res， 2008，43（1）：9-13.
|
| 18 |
Nociti FH Jr， César NJ， Carvalho MD， et al. Bone density around titanium implants may be influenced by interm ittent cigarette smoke inhalation： a histometric study in rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants， 2002，17（3）：347-352.
|
| 19 |
Nitzan D， Mamlider A， Levin L， et al. Impact of smoking on marginal bone loss. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants， 2005，20（4）：605-609.
|
| 20 |
Cochran DL， Buser D， Bruggenkate CM， et al. The use of reduced healing times on ITI implants with a sandblasted and acide-etched（SLA） surface： early results from clinical on ITI SLA implants. Clin Oral Implants Res， 2002，13（2）：144-153.
|
| 21 |
Roccuzzo M， Bunino M， Prioglio F， et al. Early loading of sandblasted and acide-etched （SLA） implants： a prospective split-mouth comparative study. Clin Oral Imolants Res， 2001，12（6）：572-578.
|
| 22 |
Agerbaek MR， Lang NP， Person GR. Comparisons of bacterial patterns present at implant and tooth sites in subjects on supportive periodontal therapy. I. Impact of clinical variables， gender and smoking. Clin Oral Implamts Res， 2006，17（1）：18-24.
|
| 23 |
Levin L， Schwartz-Arad D. The effect of cigarette smoking on dental implants and related surgery. Implant Dent， 2005，14（4）：357-361.
|
| 24 |
Gullihorn L， Karpman R， Lippiello L. Differential effects of nicotine and smoke condensate on bone cell metabolic activity. J Orthop Trauma， 2005，19（1）：17-22.
|
| 25 |
Zhou J， Olson BL， Windsor LJ. Nicotine increases the collagen-degrading ability of human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodont Res， 2007，42（3）：228-235.
|
| 26 |
Grossi SG， Skrepcinski FB， DeCaro T， et al. Treatment of periodontal disease in diabetics reduces glycated hemoglobin. J Periodontol，1997，68（8）：713-719.
|