新型烟草制品逐步走进大众的视野，同时也在青少年之间愈来愈流行。新型烟草制品主要分为电子烟和加热卷烟。由于新型烟草制品相对于传统卷烟减少了部分有害燃烧产物，它的使用通常被认为和推广为吸烟者更安全的替代品，甚至是协助吸烟者戒烟的产品之一。然而，低毒不代表无毒；与此同时，使用电子烟的人群对传统卷烟接受度高于不吸烟人群。因此，在此综述新型烟草制品和传统卷烟的异同，阐明新型烟草制品与龋病、牙周病和口腔癌等口腔常见疾病的关系。由于加热卷烟相关报道较少，本文主要以电子烟的相关报道为主。龋病方面，虽然相比于传统卷烟，电子烟吸烟者龋风险较小，但电子烟的使用者比从未吸过烟的人群更有可能患有未经治疗的龋齿。牙周病方面，电子烟和加热卷烟均可引起牙周菌群的改变、引发牙龈上皮细胞的炎性反应而加重牙周组织的炎症。口腔癌方面，细胞学实验表明电子烟对口腔癌有一定促进作用，电子烟可一定程度上引起口干症，但其作用较传统卷烟较弱。在使用时，电子烟也会因爆炸而造成吸烟者的牙外伤及颌面部损伤。综上所述，新型烟草制品亦会引发口腔疾病，虽然其作用较传统卷烟小，但由于电子烟问世较短，尚缺乏长期前瞻性和大规模病例对照研究数据，需要更长期的研究来充分了解新型烟草制品对口腔健康的影响。

New types of cigarette products have gradually entered the public attention and become increasingly popular among teenagers. The new types of cigarette products usually refer to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and heat-not-burn tobacco (HNB) . Because there are less harmful combustion products in the new types of cigarette products than the combusted cigarettes, the use of new types of cigarette products is often considered as a safer alternative to smoking, and even as one of the products to assist smokers to quit smoking. However, low toxicity does not mean non-toxic. The use of e-cigarettes may make people more prone to use cigarettes. Therefore, we reviewed the similarities and differences between e-cigarettes, HNB and combusted cigarettes, and clarified the relationship between new types of cigarette products and common oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontal diseases, and oral cancers. Since the reports of heat-not-burn tobacco are limited, this review would focus mainly on e-cigarettes. In terms of dental caries, e-cigarette users were more likely to have untreated dental caries than non-smokers, but e-cigarette smokers were less likely to have caries than combusted cigarette smokers. In terms of periodontal diseases, both e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco can cause changes in periodontal flora, trigger an inflammatory response in gingival epithelial cells, and aggravate the inflammation of periodontal tissue. In terms of oral cancers, in vitro experiments have shown that e-cigarettes have a certain promoting effect on oral cancer. E-cigarettes can cause dry mouth to a certain extent, but their effects are less than those of combusted cigarettes. Upon usage, e-cigarettes can also cause dental trauma and maxillofacial injuries to smokers due to e-cigarettes explosions. In summary, new types of cigarette products can promote oral diseases, although their effects are less than those of combusted cigarettes. However, due to the short history of e-cigarettes, there is still a lack of long-term prospective and large-scale case-control study. Longer-term research is needed to fully understand the impact of new types of cigarette products on oral health.