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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (01) : 27 -33. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2022.01.005

论著

动态实时导航辅助下颌后牙区牙槽骨骨量不足种植
任静1, 耿宁波1, 周天任1, 陈松龄1,()   
  1. 1. 中山大学附属第一医院口腔科,广州 510080
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-01 出版日期:2022-02-01
  • 通信作者: 陈松龄

Dynamic realtime navigation system assisted implant of insufficient alveolar bone in the mandibular posterior area

Jing Ren1, Ningbo Geng1, Tianren Zhou1, Songling Chen1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • Received:2021-11-01 Published:2022-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Songling Chen
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81371111); Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515010809)
引用本文:

任静, 耿宁波, 周天任, 陈松龄. 动态实时导航辅助下颌后牙区牙槽骨骨量不足种植[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(01): 27-33.

Jing Ren, Ningbo Geng, Tianren Zhou, Songling Chen. Dynamic realtime navigation system assisted implant of insufficient alveolar bone in the mandibular posterior area[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(01): 27-33.

目的

评价动态实时导航辅助下颌后牙区牙槽骨骨量不足种植手术中的精准度及临床效果。

方法

回顾分析2021年1—12月因下颌后牙缺失就诊于中山大学附属第一医院口腔科,且采用动态实时导航辅助植入的23例患者。将术前规划种植体数据和术后实际植入种植体锥形束CT数据导入动态导航精度验证软件,对术前设计与术后植入种植体的三维轴向信息进行误差分析,计算并报告实际种植体顶部、根尖部、角度和深度偏差。使用SPSS 23.0统计学软件,对动态实时导航引导种植体植入术后的精度偏差和植入深度进行数据处理。本研究为符合正态分布的计量资料,采用±s描述。

结果

本次计算机辅助动态导航系统指导下完成下颌后牙区25颗种植体植入,获得了良好的初期稳定性,术后CBCT示种植体精确植入规划位置,规避了下牙槽神经及邻近重要解剖结构,未发生相关手术并发症。25颗种植体的总体顶部偏差为(0.23 ± 0.11)mm,根尖部偏差为(0.45 ± 0.29)mm,深度偏差为(0.33 ± 0.32)mm,角度偏差为1.01° ± 0.65°。

结论

动态实时导航辅助下颌后牙区骨量不足种植,可获得良好的植入精度和满意的临床效果。

Objective

To evaluate the accuracy and clinical outcome of a realtime navigation system for the implant placement in insufficient alveolar bone in the mandibular posterior area.

Methods

In the study, 23 patients with the loss of mandibular posterior teeth were retrospectively analyzed in department of stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, from January 2021 to December 2021. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed by wearing registration devices, and the position of the implants was designed. Then implants were placed for each case with the aid of dynamic real-time navigation. The preoperative design scheme and the postoperative CBCT were imported into the dynamic navigation accuracy verification software. The differences of implant accuracy between the designed and the actually placed implants were analyzed, including the mean entry point, apex point and depth deviation as well as overall angular discrepancy. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data on the accuracy deviation. The measurement data in this study were in accordance with normal distribution and were described by mean ± standard deviation.

Results

In this study, 25 implants were implanted in the mandibular posterior area under the guidance of a computer-aided dynamic navigation system, and good primary stability was obtained. Postoperative CBCT showed the precise implant planning position, avoiding the damage to nearby anatomical structures such as inferior alveolar nerve, and surgical complications. The mean entry point discrepancy of 25 implants was (0.23 ± 0.11) mm, whereas the deviations at the apex point, in the depth and axis were (0.45 ± 0.29) , (0.33 ± 0.32) mm and (1.01° ± 0.65°) , respectively.

Conclusion

Implant placement in the insufficient alveolar bone in the mandibular posterior area can be achieved with high accuracy and predictable clinical outcome under the guidance of a realtime navigation system.

图1 动态导航引导种植体植入术前设计:使用规划软件模拟种植体植入 A:冠状面;B:矢状面;C:横断面;D:全颌曲面断层片;E:三维重建影像。
图2 动态导航引导下种植手术过程 A:术前准备并调整导航仪;B:手机注册;C:安放固定装置;D:特征点标定;E:窝洞制备;F:种植体植入。
图3 动态导航显示屏中的动静态视图:可实时指示植入的位点、角度和深度 A:冠状面;B:矢状面;C:横断面;D:全颌曲面断层片;E:三维植入位点。
图4 动态导航引导种植体植入术前设计与术后植入种植体的三维轴向信息:测量模型图。
图5 动态导航引导种植体植入术后CBCT影像资料 A ~ B:矢状面;C:横断面;D:三维重建影像;E:全颌曲面断层片。
图6 动态导航引导种植体植入术的精度偏差和植入深度箱形图 A:顶部偏差;B:根尖偏差;C:深度偏差;D:角度偏差;E:植入深度;F:根部距神经管距离。每个箱状图由下向上分别代表最小值Min、四分位数间距Q1、中位数M、四分位数间距Q3、最大值Max、离群值和极端值。
表1 动态导航引导种植体植入术的精度偏差和植入深度分析
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