Effects of different toothbrush designs on toothbrush efficiency

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2023.04.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Caries and periodontal disease are common oral diseases closely related to dental plaque. Effective plaque control is the key to maintain the health of teeth and periodontal tissue. Toothbrushing is an effective personal plaque control method. Improving the design of toothbrush plays an important role in increasing its plaque removal efficiency and safety. This article reviewed the effects of different designs on the performance of toothbrushes.

Key words: Dental devices, home care, Equipment design, Toothbrushing

Qimeng Shi, Gang Li, Yanhong Li. Effects of different toothbrush designs on toothbrush efficiency[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(04): 309-314.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhkqyxyjzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2023.04.012

https://zhkqyxyjzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2023/V17/I04/309

Figures/Tables 5

References 58

[1]	Peres MA, Macpherson LMD, Weyant RJ，et al. Oral diseases：A global public health challenge[J]. Lancet，2019,394(10194):249-260. DOI：10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31146-8.
[2]	Mosaddad SA, Tahmasebi E, Yazdanian A，et al. Oral microbial biofilms：An update[J]. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis，2019,38(11):2005-2019. DOI：10.1007/s10096-019-03641-9.
[3]	Beals D, Ngo T, Feng Y，et al. Development and laboratory evaluation of a new toothbrush with a novel brush head design[J]. Am J Dent，2000,13(Spec No):5A-14A.
[4]	冯希平. 口腔预防医学[M]. 7版. 北京：人民卫生出版社，2020:48-49.
[5]	Ng C, Tsoi JKH, Lo ECM，et al. Safety and design aspects of powered toothbrush—A narrative review[J]. Dent （Basel），2020,8(1):15. DOI：10.3390/dj8010015.
[6]	Battaglia A. The Bass technique using a specially designed toothbrush[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2008,6(3):183-187. DOI：10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00302.x.
[7]	Droubi L, Laflouf M, Alkurdi S，et al. Does customized handle toothbrush influence dental plaque removal in children with down syndrome？A randomized controlled trial[J]. Healthcare（Basel），2021,9(9):1130. DOI：10.3390/healthcare9091130.
[8]	Youcharoen K, Thomngam N, Aranya N，et al. Plaque removal efficacy of triple-headed toothbrush in 4-6-Year-Old children：A randomized crossover study[J]. Int Soc Prev Community Dent，2021,11(5):546-552. DOI：10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_93_21.
[9]	Al-Omiri MK, Al-Shayyab MH, Alahmari NM，et al. Impacts of the Triple bristles three-sided sonic powered toothbrush on tooth shade，plaque control and gingival health[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2021,19(4):382-397. DOI：10.1111/idh.12552.
[10]	Mamat N, Mani SA, Danaee M. T-shaped toothbrush for plaque removal and gingival health in children：A randomized controlled trial[J]. BMC Oral Health，2022,22(1):113. DOI：10.1186/s12903-022-02137-x.
[11]	Turssi CP, Kelly AB, Hara AT. Toothbrush bristle configuration and brushing load：Effect on the development of simulated non-carious cervical lesions[J]. J Dent，2019,86:75-80. DOI：10.1016/j.jdent.2019.05.026.
[12]	Verma SK, Sharma N, Singh S，et al. Comparison of different tooth brushes on the degree of plaque removal[J]. Family Med Prim Care，2020,9(2):556-560. DOI：10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_666_19.
[13]	Saffarzadeh A, Khodarahmi N, Mohammadi M. Evaluation of the effect of ultra-soft toothbrushes with different commercial brands on plaque and bleeding indices[J]. J Dent（Shiraz），2021,22(1):53-59. DOI：10.30476/DENTJODS.2020.83259.1044.
[14]	Romitti D, Fagundes AV, Angst PDM，et al. The use of medium bristle toothbrushes is associated withthe incidence of gingival fissures[J]. Clinical Investig，2022,26(2):1657-1666. DOI：10.1007/s00784-021-04138-6.
[15]	Hamza B, Tanner M, Körner P，et al. Effect of toothbrush bristle stiffness and toothbrushing force on the abrasive dentine wear[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2021,19(4):355-359. DOI：10.1111/idh.12536.
[16]	Bizhang M, Riemer K, Arnold WH，et al. Influence of bristle stiffness of manual toothbrushes on eroded and sound human dentin—An in vitro study[J]. PLoS One，2016,11(4):e0153250. DOI：10.1371/journal.pone.0153250.
[17]	AlShehab AH, AlHazoom AA, Alowa MH，et al. Effect of bristle stiffness of manual toothbrushes on normal and demineralized human enamel—An in vitro profilometric study[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2018,16(2):e128-e132. DOI：10.1111/idh.12332.
[18]	Ren YF, Cacciato R, Whelehan MT，et al. Effects of toothbrushes with tapered and cross angled soft bristle design on dental plaque and gingival inflammation：A randomized and controlled clinical trial[J]. J Dent，2007,35(7):614-622. DOI：10.1016/j.jdent.2007.04.005.
[19]	Langa GPJ, Muniz FWMG, Wagner TP，et al. Anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis efficacy of different bristle stiffness and end-shape toothbrushes on interproximal surfaces：A systematic review with meta-analysis[J]. J Evid Based Dent Pract，2020,21(2):101548. DOI：10.1016/j.jebdp.2021.101548.
[20]	Versteeg PA, Piscaer M, Rosema NA，et al. Tapered toothbrush filaments in relation to gingival abrasion，removal of plaque and treatment of gingivitis[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2008,6(3):174-182. DOI：10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00284.x.
[21]	Kakar AM, Nair SK, Saraf S. A 12-week，multicenter，normal-use evaluation of a manual toothbrush with angled bristle design[J]. J Indian Soc Periodontol，2019,23(5):469-474. DOI：10.4103/jisp.jisp_529_18.
[22]	Bizhang M, Schmidt I, Chun YP，et al. Toothbrush abrasivity in a long-term simulation on human dentin depends on brushing mode and bristle arrangement[J]. PLoS One，2017,12(2):e0172060. DOI：10.1371/journal.pone.0172060.
[23]	Hamza B, Niedzwiecki M, Körner P，et al. Effect of the toothbrush tuft arrangement and bristle stiffness on the abrasive dentin wear[J]. Sci Rep，2022,12(1):840. DOI：10.1038/s41598-022-04884-x.
[24]	Deinzer R, Schmidt R, Harnacke D，et al. Finding an upper limit of what might be achievable by patients：Oral cleanliness in dental professionals after self-performed manual oral hygiene[J]. Clin Oral Investig，2018,22(2):839-846. DOI：10.1007/s00784-017-2160-9.
[25]	Löe H. Oral hygiene in the prevention of caries and periodontal disease[J]. Int Dent J，2000,50(3):129-139. DOI：10.1111/j.1875-595x.2000.tb00553.x.
[26]	Deinzer R, Ebel S, Blättermann H，et al. Toothbrushing：To the best of one′s abilities is possibly not good enough[J]. BMC Oral Health，2018,18(1):167. DOI：10.1186/s12903-018-0633-0.
[27]	Harnacke D, Beldoch M, Bohn GH，et al. Oral and written instruction of oral hygiene：A randomized trial[J]. J Periodontol，2012,83(10):1206-1212. DOI：10.1902/jop.2012.110550.
[28]	Gomez-Pereira P, Axe A, Butler A，et al. Plaque removal by a novel prototype power toothbrush versus a manual toothbrush：A randomized，exploratory clinical study[J]. Clin Exp Dent Res，2022,8(4):849-857. DOI：10.1002/cre2.556.
[29]	Erbe C, Klees V, Ferrari-Peron P，et al. A comparative assessment of plaque removal and toothbrushing compliance between a manual and an interactive power toothbrush among adolescents：A single-center，single-blind randomized controlled trial[J]. BMC Oral Health，2018,18(1):130. DOI：10.1186/s12903-018-0588-1.
[30]	Pitchika V, Pink C, Vözke H，et al. Long-term impact of powered toothbrush on oral health：11-year cohort study[J]. J Clin Periodontol，2019,46(7):713-722. DOI：10.1111/jcpe.13126.
[31]	Schmidt JC, Zaugg C, Weiger R，et al. Brushing without brushing？—A review of the efficacy of powered toothbrushes in noncontact biofilm removal[J]. Clin Oral Investig，2013,17(3):687-709. DOI：10.1007/s00784-012-0836-8.
[32]	Busscher HJ, Jager D, Finger G，et al. Energy transfer，volumetric expansion，and removal of oral biofilms by non-contact brushing[J]. Eur J oral Sci，2010,118(2):177-182. DOI：10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00723.x.
[33]	Nightingale KJ, Chinta SK, Agarwal P，et al. Toothbrush efficacy for plaque removal[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2014,12(4):251-256. DOI：10.1111/idh.12081.
[34]	Mensi M, Scotti E, Sordillo A，et al. Efficacy of sonic versus manual toothbrushing after professional mechanical plaque removal：A 6-month randomized clinical trial[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2021,19(4):366-375. DOI：10.1111/idh.12541.
[35]	万艳，周围. 声波震动牙刷与手动牙刷控制乳牙菌斑效果及对牙龈健康影响的对比研究[J]. 临床口腔医学杂志，2021,37(9):539-542. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-1634.2021.09.008.
[36]	Favrel S, Urbaniak A, Chabowska I，et al. Efficacy of a hybrid toothbrush versus comparative manual toothbrush for plaque removal—Randomized in-use study[J]. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent，2020,12:241-250. DOI：10.2147/CCIDE.S257411.
[37]	李蕙兰，梁燕，代芸洁，等. 电动牙刷与手动牙刷对牙菌斑的控制效果[J]. 贵州医科大学学报，2020,45(1):78-82. DOI：10.19367/j.cnki.1000-2707.2020.01.015.
[38]	Schlueter N, Fiedler S, Mueller M，et al. Efficacy of a sonic toothbrush on plaque removal—A video-controlled explorative clinical trial[J]. PLoS One，2021,16(12):e0261496. DOI：10.1371/journal.pone.0261496.
[39]	Schmidt JC, Astasov FM, Waltimo T，et al. Efficacy of various side-to-side toothbrushes and impact of brushing parameters on noncontact biofilm removal in an interdental spacemodel[J]. Clin Oral Investig，2017,21(5):1565-1577. DOI：10.1007/s00784-016-1969-y.
[40]	Yaacob M, Worthington HV, Deacon SA，et al. Powered versus manual toothbrushing for oral health[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev，2014(6):CD002281. DOI：10.1002/14651858.CD002281.pub3.
[41]	Wang P, Xu Y, Zhang J，et al. Comparison of the effectiveness between power toothbrushes and manual toothbrushes for oral health：A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Acta Odontol Scand，2020,78(4):265-274. DOI：10.1080/00016357.2019.1697826.
[42]	Chiang CC. Block head structure of electric toothbrush：U.S. Patents，US10321489[P]. 2004-01-22[2023-03-10].
[43]	Penick C. Power toothbrushes：A critical review[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2004,2(1):40-44. DOI：10.1111/j.1601-5037.2004.00048.x.
[44]	Warren PR, Cugini MA, Chater BV，et al. A review of the clinical efficacy of the Oral-B oscillating/rotating power toothbrush and the Philips Sonicare toothbrush in normal subject populations[J]. Int Dent J，2004,54(6):429-437. DOI：10.1111/j.1875-595x.2004.tb00300.x.
[45]	Ccahuana-Vasquez RA, Adam R, Conde E，et al. A 5-week randomized clinical evaluation of a novel electric toothbrush head with regular and tapered bristles versus a manual toothbrush for reduction of gingivitis and plaque[J]. Int J Dent Hyg，2019,17(2):153-160. DOI：10.1111/idh.12372.
[46]	Davidovich E, Ccahuana-Vasquez RA, Timm H，et al. Randomised clinical study of plaque removal efficacy of an electric toothbrush in primary and mixed dentition[J]. Int J Paediatr Dent，2021,31(5):657-663. DOI：10.1111/ipd.12753.
[47]	Allocca G, Pudylyk D, Signorino F，et al. Effectiveness and compliance of an oscillating-rotating toothbrush in patients with dental implants：A randomized clinical trial[J]. Int J Implant Dent，2018,4(1):38. DOI：10.1186/s40729-018-0150-6.
[48]	Preda C, Butera A, Pelle S，et al. The efficacy of powered oscillating heads vs. powered sonic action heads toothbrushes to maintain periodontal and peri-implant health：A narrative review[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2021,18(4):1468. DOI：10.3390/ijerph18041468.
[49]	Adam R, Ram Goyal C, Qaqish J，et al. Evaluation of an oscillating-rotating toothbrush with micro-vibrations versus a sonic toothbrush for the reduction of plaque and gingivitis：Results from a randomized controlled trial[J]. Int Dent J，2020,70(Suppl 1):S16-S21. DOI：10.1111/idj.12569.
[50]	Bilen YZ, Çokakoğlu S, Öztürk F. The short-term effects of manual and interactive powered toothbrushes on the periodontal status of orthodontic patients：A randomized clinical trial[J]. J World Fed Orthod，2021,10(1):14-19. DOI：10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.11.003.
[51]	Singh TP, Nirola A, Brar R. A profilometric and scanning electron microscopic analysis of tooth surface abrasion caused by rotary/oscillatory，linear motion，sonic，and ultrasonic toothbrushes：An in vitro study[J]. J Indian Soc Periodontol，2021,25(2):112-119. DOI：10.4103/jisp.jisp_162_20.
[52]	van der Weijden GA, Timmerman MF，et al. High and low brushing force in relation to efficacy and gingival abrasion[J]. J Clin Periodontol，2004,31(8):620-624. DOI：10.1111/j.1600-051x.2004.00529.x.
[53]	Graetz C, Plaumann A, Heinevetter N，et al. Bristle splaying and its effect on pre-existing gingival recession-a 12-month randomized controlled trial[J]. Clin Oral Investig，2017,21(6):1989-1995. DOI：10.1007/s00784-016-1987-9.
[54]	Mark EP, Lewis MAO, Graziani F，et al. Droplet sizes emitted from demonstration electric toothbrushes[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2021,18(5):2320. DOI：10.3390/ijerph18052320.
[55]	Schnabl D, Wiesmüller V, Hönlinger V，et al. Cleansing efficacy of an auto-cleaning electronic toothbrushing device：A randomized-controlled crossover pilot study[J]. Clin Oral Investig，2021,25(1):247-253. DOI：10.1007/s00784-020-03359-5.
[56]	Keller M, Keller G, Eller T，et al. Cleansing efficacy of an auto-cleaning toothbrushing device with nylon bristles：A randomized-controlled pilot study[J]. Clin Oral Investig. 2023,27(2):603-611. DOI：10.1007/s00784-022-04755-9.
[57]	Nieri M, Giuntini V, Pagliaro U，et al. Efficacy of a U-shaped automatic electric toothbrush in dental plaque removal：A cross-over randomized controlled trial[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2020,17(13):4649. DOI：10.3390/ijerph17134649.
[58]	Kayalvizhi G, Radha S, Prathima GS，et al. Comparative evaluation of plaque removal effectiveness of manual and chewable toothbrushes in children：A randomized clinical trial[J]. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent，2019,12(2):107-110. DOI：10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1604.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export