Infection control against respiratory tract infections in dental clinics—focusing on aerosol transmission

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2020.03.004

Abstract

Abstract:

There is always a concern regarding the aerosol transmission of respiratory tract infections in dental clinics. Here we provide evidence through literature review that for most respiratory pathogens, aerosol transmission, if possible, is opportunistic, therefore can be controlled and prevented effectively. A summary of infection control guidelines issued by the World Health Organization as well as the governments of the United States and Australia is made for the reference of Chinese dental professions.

Key words: Aerosols, Respiratory tract infections, Dentistry, Infection control

Jingping Li, Xiaohuan Zhang, Sui Mai, Shaowei Wu, Yang Ning, Ke Zhao. Infection control against respiratory tract infections in dental clinics—focusing on aerosol transmission[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(03): 149-154.

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References 37

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关键指标	中国YY0469-2011标准	美国ASTM F2100 Level 3
细菌气溶胶阻挡效率（Bacterial Filtration Efficiency,BPE）	3.0 μm直径细菌气溶胶阻挡效率≥95%	3.0 μm直径细菌气溶胶阻挡效率≥98%
颗粒物气溶胶阻挡效率（Particulate Filtration Efficiency,PFE）	平均直径0.075 μm颗粒气溶胶阻挡效率≥30%	0.100 μm直径颗粒物气溶胶阻挡效率≥98%
模拟血液阻挡效率（Fluid Resistance）	120 mmHg	160 mmHg

关键指标	中国YY0469-2011标准	美国ASTM F2100 Level 3
细菌气溶胶阻挡效率（Bacterial Filtration Efficiency,BPE）	3.0 μm直径细菌气溶胶阻挡效率≥95%	3.0 μm直径细菌气溶胶阻挡效率≥98%
颗粒物气溶胶阻挡效率（Particulate Filtration Efficiency,PFE）	平均直径0.075 μm颗粒气溶胶阻挡效率≥30%	0.100 μm直径颗粒物气溶胶阻挡效率≥98%
模拟血液阻挡效率（Fluid Resistance）	120 mmHg	160 mmHg

额外预防措施	传染途径
额外预防措施	气溶胶（机会性）	气溶胶（专性或兼性）	飞沫	接触
手套	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防	尤其需要
隔离衣/围裙/防护服	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防	尤其需要
口罩	医用口罩；但气溶胶操作时需N95防护口罩	N95防护口罩	医用口罩	医用口罩
眼罩/面屏	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防
候诊区要求	通气良好房间；确保候诊者相互之间的间距至少1 m	负压通气房，或将传染病确诊患者集中在通风良好的房间	将传染病确诊患者集中，指定专用卫生间	将传染病确诊患者集中，指定专用卫生间

额外预防措施	传染途径
额外预防措施	气溶胶（机会性）	气溶胶（专性或兼性）	飞沫	接触
手套	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防	尤其需要
隔离衣/围裙/防护服	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防	尤其需要
口罩	医用口罩；但气溶胶操作时需N95防护口罩	N95防护口罩	医用口罩	医用口罩
眼罩/面屏	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防	同标准预防
候诊区要求	通气良好房间；确保候诊者相互之间的间距至少1 m	负压通气房，或将传染病确诊患者集中在通风良好的房间	将传染病确诊患者集中，指定专用卫生间	将传染病确诊患者集中，指定专用卫生间

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