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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02) : 104 -111. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2025.02.004

论著

青少年患者隐形矫治导下颌向前咬合功能的变化
校华1, 张跃英2, 吴秋月1, 蒋天鹭1, 何康萍1, 杜宇森1, 杨婧3, 金作林1, 李菲菲1,()   
  1. 1. 口颌系统重建与再生全国重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,陕西省口腔医学重点实验室,空军军医大学口腔医院正畸科,西安 710032
    2. 陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室,陕西省牙颌疾病临床研究中心,西安交通大学口腔医院口腔正畸科,西安 710004
    3. 南方医科大学口腔医院(口腔医学院)儿童口腔科,广州 510280
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-14 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 李菲菲
  • 基金资助:
    国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心资助课题(LCA202202)陕西省社发攻关重点研发计划(2023-YBSF-025)

Study of occlusal function changes before and after clear functional aligner mandibular advancement in adolescent patients

Hua Xiao1, Yueying Zhang2, Qiuyue Wu1, Tianlu Jiang1, Kangping He1, Yusen Du1, Jing Yang3, Zuolin Jin1, Feifei Li1,()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology,Department of Orthodontics,The Fourth Military Medical University,Xi′an 710032,China
    2. Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases,Department of Orthodontics,College of Stomatology,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710004,China
    3. Stomatological Hospital,Department of Pediatric Dentistry,School of Stomatology,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510280,China
  • Received:2024-11-14 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Feifei Li
引用本文:

校华, 张跃英, 吴秋月, 蒋天鹭, 何康萍, 杜宇森, 杨婧, 金作林, 李菲菲. 青少年患者隐形矫治导下颌向前咬合功能的变化[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(02): 104-111.

Hua Xiao, Yueying Zhang, Qiuyue Wu, Tianlu Jiang, Kangping He, Yusen Du, Jing Yang, Zuolin Jin, Feifei Li. Study of occlusal function changes before and after clear functional aligner mandibular advancement in adolescent patients[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(02): 104-111.

目的

探讨青少年下颌后缩患者使用隐形矫治技术在正畸治疗前、导下颌向前结束后、正畸治疗结束时咬合功能的变化。

方法

本研究于2022—2024年在第四军医大学口腔医院正畸科开展,为双向性队列研究,共纳入18例青少年下颌后缩患者,平均年龄(13.22±1.17)岁,使用隐形矫治器分别在正畸治疗前(T0)、导下颌向前结束后(T1)[治疗时长(12.62±0.66)个月]及正畸治疗结束时(T2)[治疗时长(22.76±0.63)个月]3个阶段,采用T-Scan咬合分析系统记录患者在牙尖交错位(ICP)、前伸及侧方牙合位时的咬合接触情况,并使用非参数Friedman 检验比较T0、T1 及T2 阶段咬合功能的变化。

结果

T0 阶段牙弓左右侧相对牙合力、牙合接触面积的差值在ICP 时分别为21.03(15.00,26.05)、20.62(15.08,23.05),T1阶段分别为9.90(5.37,11.75)、9.71(8.23,11.61),T2阶段分别为11.20(9.62,12.44)、10.01(6.67,11.96),T1 和T2 阶段牙弓左右侧相对牙合力、牙合接触面积的差值均较T0减小(P<0.001),而两者之间相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。T1阶段全牙列相对牙合力大小在ICP 时较T0 阶段减小,而T2 阶段又逐渐增大,但仍然小于T0 阶段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。T1和T2阶段,牙弓左右侧牙合力中心点在ICP时的相对位置的变化与T0阶段相比,差异无统计学意义,但向理想的牙合力中心点的相对位置靠近;牙弓前后段牙合力中心点的相对位置,T1阶段与T0阶段相比,向牙弓前段移位,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),而T2阶段牙合力中心点的相对位置与T1 阶段相比,向牙弓后段移位,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。T1 和T2 阶段,ICP 时的咬合接触时间和前伸、侧方牙合位时的咬合分离时间均较T0 减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

青少年下颌后缩患者在隐形矫治导下颌向前结束后和正畸治疗结束时,ICP 及前伸、侧方牙合时左右侧咬合的差异、咬合接触时间及咬合分离时间均较正畸治疗前减小,说明经过导下颌向前及正畸治疗,患者的咬合功能获得了一定程度的改善,咬合更趋向平衡、稳定。

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in occlusal function in adolescent patients with mandibular retrusion using clear functional aligners before orthodontic treatment,after mandibular advancement(MA)treatment and at the end of orthodontic treatment.

Methods

This ambispective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics,the Fourth Military Medical University from 2022 to 2024.A total of 18 adolescent patients with mandibular retrusion[mean age(13.22 ± 1.17)years]were included.This study was divided into three stages:before orthodontic treatment(T0),after MA treatment(T1)[treatment duration:(12.62±0.66)months]and at the end of orthodontic treatment(T2)[treatment duration:(22.76±0.63)months].The intercuspal position(ICP),protrusive occlusion and lateral occlusion were recorded by T-Scan occlusion analysis system.Friedman test was used to compare the occlusal function before orthodontic treatment,after MA and at the end of orthodontic treatment.

Results

The difference of the relative occlusal force and occlusal contact area of the left and right sides of the dental arch before orthodontic treatment in ICP was 21.03(15.00,26.05),20.62(15.08,23.05)at T0,9.90(5.37,11.75),9.71(8.23,11.61)at T1,and 11.20(9.62,12.44),10.01(6.67,11.96)at T2,respectively.The difference of the relative occlusal force and occlusal contact area of the left and right sides of the dental arch at T1 and at T2 was smaller than that at T0(P<0.001),but there was no significant difference between them(P>0.05).In ICP,the size of the total relative occlusal force in the full arch at T1 was smaller than that at T0,and it gradually increased at T2 stage,but it was still smaller than at T0 stage(P<0.001).In ICP,the relative positions of the center of force(COF)of the left and right sides of the dental arch were not statistically different between T0,T1 and T2,but they became closer to the ideal COF position;the COF position of the dental arch anterior and posterior segments was statistically different from T0 to T1 stage,moving toward the dental arch anterior segment(P<0.001),and it was statistically different from T0 to T2 stage,moving toward the dental arch posterior segment(P<0.001).The occlusion time of ICP and the disclusion time of protrusive and lateral occlusion were significantly shorter at T1 and T2 than those at T0 stage(P<0.05).

Conclusions

In adolescent patients with mandibular retrusion treated with clear functional aligners,differences in left-right occlusal force,occlusion time,and disclusion time in ICP,protrusive,and lateral occlusion were reduced following MA and at the end of orthodontic treatment.These findings indicated an improvement in occlusal function.The occlusion became more balanced and stable after MA and orthodontic treatment.

表1 隐形矫治前中后ICP时咬合测量指标的比较[MP25P75),n=18]
表2 隐形矫治前中后前伸和侧方牙合位时咬合分离时间的比较[MP25P75),n=18]
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