Temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis is a multifactorial disease with complex pathogenic mechanisms, involving synovial inflammatory response, cartilage degeneration, and condylar bone destruction. Traditional treatments for this disease, such as medication, physical therapy, and surgery, have obvious limitations. They can only relieve clinical symptoms but fail to promote tissue repair and regeneration, and there is currently no radical cure. As a biological agent, platelet-rich plasma is rich in growth factors and other components. It has shown great potential in the field of tissue regeneration and repair through promoting cell proliferation, inhibiting inflammation, and regulating the local microenvironment, and has attracted much attention in the treatment of osteoarthrosis in recent years. This article elaborates on the pathological process of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis, analyzes the bioactive components of platelet-rich plasma and its mechanism of action, summarizes its application research in osteoarthrosis, and analyzes the feasibility and clinical effects of its treatment for temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis, aiming to provide a reference for in-depth research on platelet-rich plasma in this field.