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Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (01): 34-40. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2022.01.006

• Original Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Risk factors associated with postoperative delirium after surgery for head and neck cancer in 516 consecutive cases

Shan Zhao1, Yinghui Yang1, Mengyuan Shen1, Xiaodong Li2, Weimin Ye3, Shengnan Li4, Jian Meng2,()   

  1. 1. School of Stomatology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
    2. Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, China
    3. Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
    4. School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261000, China
  • Received:2021-11-22 Online:2022-02-01 Published:2022-04-12
  • Contact: Jian Meng
  • Supported by:
    Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangsu Province(H2017080); Science and Technology Project of Xuzhou(KC21187); Project Supported by the Development Fund of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University(XYFY2020035)

Abstract:

Objective

To determine the risk factors associated with delirium in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery, and to provide a reference for clinical prevention and control of postoperative delirium (POD) .

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 516 patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery from October 1, 2018 to October 1, 2021 in department of oral maxillofacial head and neck oncology, Xuzhou Center Hospital and Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, in which 328 were male and 188 were female. The associated risk factors and vital signs were reviewed and collected. According to the postoperative results evaluated with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) , the patients were divided into delirium (65 cases, 44 males and 21 females) and non-delirium group (451 cases, 284 males and 167 females) . Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors associated with POD.

Results

The incidence of delirium after head and neck cancer surgery was 12.2% (65/516) . Single factor analysis between groups in age (Z = 4.62, P<0.001) , smoking (χ2 = 5.46, P = 0.019) , drinking (χ2 = 5.74, P = 0.017) , operation time (Z = 4.50, P<0.001) , tracheotomy (χ2 = 14.26, P<0.001) , intraoperative blood transfusion (χ2 = 22.87, P<0.001) , free flap (χ2 = 23.65, P<0.001) , ICU guardianship time (Z = 2.20, P = 0.028) , and postoperative VAS pain (Z = 3.64, P<0.001) , sleep disorders (χ2 = 21.19, P<0.001) , postoperative fever (χ2 = 28.95, P<0.001) showed statistical differences (P<0.05) . Logistic multivariable analysis showed the risk factors associated with POD included age (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.02-1.08, P<0.001) , intraoperative blood transfusion (OR = 2.64, 95%CI: 1.38-5.03, P = 0.003) , tracheotomy (OR = 4.02, 95%CI: 1.61-10.07, P = 0.003) , postoperative sleep disorder (OR = 6.64, 95%CI: 3.43-12.84, P<0.001) , fever (OR = 3.28, 95%CI: 1.39-7.72, P = 0.007) , and postoperative pain (OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.17-1.71, P<0.001) .

Conclusions

Age, intraoperative blood transfusion, tracheotomy, postoperative sleep disorder, fever and postoperative pain were the risk factors for delirium after head and neck surgery. Active preventive measures improving the pain control should be taken to prevent the occurrence of postoperative delirium.

Key words: Head and neck neoplasms, Risk factors, Postoperative delirium

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