This study is to analyze the etiologic factors and to summarize the experience in nursing patients with pulmonary infection after resection of oral cancer. Good preoperative preparation, such as periodontal scaling and teeth treatment, respiratory management before and after operation, preoperative respiratory function exercise, guidance on effective cough and expectoration, improvement on pre-and post- operative airway management, correct and rational use of antibiotics, trachea cannula utilization with air bag, humidification of airway, atomization inhalation for expectoration, and improvement of nasal feeding to avoid gastroesophageal reflux or aspiration are key points. One hundred and thirty-one cases of oral cancer surgery and reconstruction were included in this study. Five patients (3.82%) suffered from pulmonary infection. All of them recovered after appropriated treatment.