纳米银抗菌剂的骨内相容性研究

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2015.04.005

目的

观察纳米银抗菌剂植入豚鼠下颌骨后产生的组织反应，评价其组织相容性。

方法

选取豚鼠20只，在其双侧下颌骨分别植入载有0.02%纳米银凝胶和氢氧化钙糊剂的铁氟龙载体，术后4及12周各处死10只动物，解剖含植入物的下颌骨块并行组织学切片染色，光学显微镜下观察记录炎症反应程度，并以Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验分析结果。

结果

4周时，0.02%纳米银凝胶组炎症计分3例为0分、7例为1分，镜下见少量淋巴细胞、多核巨细胞等慢性炎症细胞浸润，且可见类骨质形成；氢氧化钙组5例为1分、5例为2分，可见糊剂被部分吸收，炎性肉芽组织进入载体腔内。两组间炎症计分差异有统计学意义(Z=2.805，P=0.005)。12周时，0.02%纳米银凝胶组计分8例为0分、2例为1分，可见载体开口处被薄层纤维结缔组织包绕，少有炎症细胞浸润；氢氧化钙组6例为0分、4例为1分，可见成熟肉芽组织长入载体内部，骨组织无或轻度炎症浸润。两组间炎症计分差异无统计学意义(Z=0.951，P=0.342)。

结论

纳米银抗菌剂在豚鼠颌骨内组织相容性良好，且具有促进骨组织生长修复的潜能，将其应用于根管消毒有望提高根管治疗成功率。

关键词: 纳米银, 氢氧化钙, 豚鼠, 生物相容性

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraosseous biocompatibility of silver nanoparticles implanted in mandibular bone of guinea pigs.

Methods

Two teflon carriers loaded with 0.02% silver nanoparticle gel and calcium hydroxide paste were respectively implanted into either side of the mandibles of 20 guinea-pigs. After 4 and 12 weeks, guinea-pigs were killed, and the specimens were prepared for routine histological examination. Inflammation responses were evaluated by light microscope. The results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test.

Results

After 4 weeks, the inflammation scores of 3 samples were 0, and the other 7 samples were 1 in 0.02% silver nanoparticle gel group. Chronic inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes and polykaryocytes were found under light microscopy. The scores of 5 samples in the group of calcium hydroxide were 1, andthe other 5 samples were 2. The root canal paste were partly absorbed, and granulation tissues grew into the carriers. A significantly statistical difference was found between the scores of the two groups(Z=2.805, P=0.005). After 12 weeks, the scores of 8 samples in silver nanopartical group were 0, and the other 2 samples were 1. In calcium hydroxide group, 6 samples were scored 0, and the other 4 samples were scored 1. Both was no significant difference(Z=0.951, P= 0.342).

Conclusion

Silver nanoparticle shows good biocompatibility in bone tissue and should be further evaluated as an intra-canal medicament during root canal therapy.

Key words: Silver nanoparticle, Calcium hydroxide, Guinea pig, Biocompatability

图3 氢氧化钙糊剂植入豚鼠下颌骨4周组织学切片(苏木精-伊红× 50)可见糊剂被吸收，肉芽组织长入载体内，肉芽组织内有慢性炎症细胞浸润

图5 载体植入豚鼠颌骨后组织切片(Brown & Brenn × 50)

表1 各组组织切片苏木精-伊红染色炎症计分结果(例)

计分	4周			12周
计分	0.02%纳米银	氢氧化钙	载体侧壁	0.02%纳米银	氢氧化钙	载体侧壁
0	3	0	20	8	6	20
1	7	5	0	2	4	0
2	0	5	0	0	0	0
3	0	0	0	0	0	0

表1 各组组织切片苏木精-伊红染色炎症计分结果(例)

计分	4周			12周
计分	0.02%纳米银	氢氧化钙	载体侧壁	0.02%纳米银	氢氧化钙	载体侧壁
0	3	0	20	8	6	20
1	7	5	0	2	4	0
2	0	5	0	0	0	0
3	0	0	0	0	0	0

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Intraosseous biocompactability of silver nanoparticles

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Intraosseous biocompactability of silver nanoparticles