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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 311 -318. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2026.04.008

所属专题： 文献；

生物材料专栏·综述

细胞外囊泡功能化生物材料在种植体周炎防治中的应用研究进展
马国文1, 柳燕如2, 田蓓敏3, 鞠骏4, 田义3, 张曦予3, 陈发明3, 王嘉3,†()   
  1. 1空军军医大学基础医学院，西安　710032
    2口颌系统重建与再生全国重点实验室，口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心，陕西省口腔医学重点实验室，空军军医大学口腔医院口腔材料学教研室，西安　710032
    3口颌系统重建与再生全国重点实验室，口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心，陕西省口腔疾病国际联合研究中心，空军军医大学口腔医院牙周病科，西安　710032
    4解放军总医院第六医学中心，北京　100048
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-10 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 王嘉

Progress on the application of extracellular vesicle-functionalized biomaterials in the prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis

Guowen Ma1, Yanru Liu2, Beimin Tian3, Jun Ju4, Yi Tian3, Xiyu Zhang3, Faming Chen3, Jia Wang3,†()   

  1. 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Dental Materials, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
    3State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
    4The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
  • Received:2026-06-10 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Jia Wang
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82101049); Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2026SF-YBXM-654); Clinical Innovation Project of School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University(LX2025-505)
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马国文, 柳燕如, 田蓓敏, 鞠骏, 田义, 张曦予, 陈发明, 王嘉. 细胞外囊泡功能化生物材料在种植体周炎防治中的应用研究进展[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 311-318.

Guowen Ma, Yanru Liu, Beimin Tian, Jun Ju, Yi Tian, Xiyu Zhang, Faming Chen, Jia Wang. Progress on the application of extracellular vesicle-functionalized biomaterials in the prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 311-318.

种植体周炎是导致种植修复失败的主要原因，常规治疗方法面临清创不彻底、药物浓度低和骨再生能力不足等局限。细胞外囊泡（EV）作为细胞分泌的膜包被结构，在调控炎症、促进组织再生和靶向治疗方面展现出潜力，但其天然形式存在靶向性不足、体内清除迅速等问题。将EV与生物材料功能化结合，可实现局部缓释、增强稳定性，发挥支架材料对骨再生的促进作用。本文系统总结了EV功能化生物材料的设计策略和工程化EV在种植体周炎防治中的应用研究进展，以期为种植体周炎的精准防治提供新型工程化策略和理论依据。

关键词: 种植体周炎, 细胞外囊泡, 生物材料, 成骨分化, 精准治疗, 工程化改造, 免疫调控

Peri-implantitis is a major cause of implant failure, and conventional treatments are limited by incomplete debridement, insufficient drug concentration, and poor bone regeneration capacity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as membrane-enclosed structures secreted by cells, show promise in regulating inflammation, promoting tissue regeneration, and enabling targeted therapy. However, natural EVs suffer from insufficient targeting and rapid clearance in vivo. The functional combination of EVs with biomaterials enables local sustained release, enhanced stability, and synergistic promotion of bone regeneration together with scaffold materials. This article reviews the construction strategies for EV-functionalized biomaterials and the research progress on the application of engineered EVs in the prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis, aiming to provide novel engineering strategies and theoretical foundations for the precise management of peri-implantitis.

Key words: Peri-implantitis, Extracellular vesicles, Biomaterials, Osteogenic differentiation, Precision therapy, Engineering modification, Immunomodulation
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