中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2009, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (02) : 165 -171. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2009-02-008 × 扫一扫
基础研究
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Jian-ping LI1, Song-ling CHEN1,†(), Xing ZHANG1, Xia-yun CHEN1, Chi-bin LI1, Wei DENG1
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李建平, 陈松龄, 张兴, 陈霞云, 黎炽彬, 邓伟. 计算机辅助设计个体化模板检测面中部骨表面外形对称性研究[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2009, 3(02): 165-171.
Jian-ping LI, Song-ling CHEN, Xing ZHANG, Xia-yun CHEN, Chi-bin LI, Wei DENG. Study on the symmetry of bone surface shape of midface using individual CAD templates and its clinical significance[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2009, 3(02): 165-171.
目的
探讨电子计算机辅助设计（CAD）及相应快速成形技术（RP）制作的个体化模板检测颅颌面两侧骨表面外形的对称性，用以指导颅颌骨外科和提供生物学基础数据的临床意义。
方法
选择干性颅骨2 例，湿性头颅4 例，通过三维CT 扫描，对头颅进行三维重建。经对颅颌骨各标志点测量分析，确定颅骨面中部骨结构具有对称性，即“点”的对称性。然后，采用CAD 和RP 技术在一侧的面中部骨结构CT 数据上制作对侧面中部骨表面的3 块个体化模板，检测模板与面中部骨表面外形的贴合性，也即“面”的对称性。制作的3 块模板覆盖的范围主要涉及颧骨、眶骨和上颌骨，以及少量的额骨和颞骨。
结果
所有颅骨标本中，由一侧面中部骨结构CT 数据重建的对侧虚拟面中部骨结构继之形成的表面外形模板， 均与相应的面中部骨表面高度贴合。3 块模板的组合能确立面中部骨的三维空间结构。
结论
一个具有骨标志点对称性的面中部骨结构同样具有骨表面外形的对称性。以眶颧颌骨为主的面中部骨表面模板，可以引导重建眶颧颌复合体的曲面和立体结构，具有广阔的临床应用前景。
Objective
Individual surface templates of midface bones， made by computer aided design （CAD） and rapid prototyping （RP）， were used to examine the symmetry of bilateral surface shape of midface bony structures.The significance of clinical application of individual templates was discussed， providing individualized operative design and the biological bases for craniomaxillofacial surgery.
Methods
2 dry skulls and 4 wet skulls were selected.The analysis of the marked points of craniomaxillofacial bone has been made to confirm the symmetry of bone surface structure of these skulls.That was 'point' symmetry.Then， three-dimension reconstruction of skull was made on CT data.3 individual surface templates of unilateral midface bone were made with CAD and RP according to CT data of the other side， and then used to examine the surface-fitting of individual templates with the surface shape of midface bone structures.That was the 'plane' symmetry.The 3 templates mainly covered zygomatic， orbit， maxillary bones and a small part of frontal bone and temporal bone.
Results
In all skull specimens， the surface templates of one side midface bones， created from the virtual midface bone structure which was reconstructed according to CT data of the other sides， fitted properly with the corresponding surface of midface bones.The combination of three templates can establish the three-dimensional bony structures of midface.
Conclusions
Midface bone structure， with the 'point' symmetry confirmed according to the CT marks analysis， showed also the symmetry of bone surface shape，regardless of plane and curved surfaces.The surface templates of midface bone composed mainly of orbitozygomaticomaxillary complex can establish curved surface and three-dimensional structures of midface bones.The surface templates have a broad perspective of clinical application.