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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 126 -131. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2026.02.007

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论著

套筒冠义齿基牙5年存留率及其预后因素的回顾性研究
叶秀华, 邵莉滨, 李群星, 叶剑涛()   
  1. 中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院口腔科,广州 510120
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-04 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 通信作者: 叶剑涛

A retrospective study on the 5-year survival rate of abutment teeth and its prognostic factors for telescope dentures

Xiuhua Ye, Libin Shao, Qunxing Li, Jiantao Ye()   

  1. Department of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
  • Received:2026-01-04 Published:2026-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Jiantao Ye
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82303758)
引用本文:

叶秀华, 邵莉滨, 李群星, 叶剑涛. 套筒冠义齿基牙5年存留率及其预后因素的回顾性研究[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 126-131.

Xiuhua Ye, Libin Shao, Qunxing Li, Jiantao Ye. A retrospective study on the 5-year survival rate of abutment teeth and its prognostic factors for telescope dentures[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 126-131.

目的

回顾性评估中重度牙列缺损伴余留牙牙周病患者行套筒冠义齿修复后,基牙5年存留率及影响存留率的预后因素。

方法

研究纳入了2012年1月至2022年1月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院口腔科采用套筒冠义齿修复中重度牙列缺损伴余留牙牙周病的126例患者,共计150副义齿和471颗基牙的数据。使用Kaplan-Meier法计算基牙5年存留率,使用Log-rank检验和Cox比例风险回归评估基牙分布方式、松动度、定期随访、年龄、性别和颌位对基牙存留率的影响。

结果

所有基牙5年累积存留率为83.00%(95% CI:78.93% ~ 87.28%)。不同的基牙分布(线性矢状支持、线性横向支持、三角形支持、四边形支持)5年存留率相当(χ2 = 2.872,P = 0.412)。Ⅲ度松动的基牙5年存留率显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅱ度松动基牙(χ2 = 13.461,P = 0.001)。定期随访患者的基牙5年存留率显著高于非定期随访患者(χ2 = 9.176,P = 0.002)。

结论

在中重度牙列缺损伴余留牙牙周病的修复中,套筒冠义齿基牙的5年存留率总体可接受。较高的松动度增加失败风险,而定期随访有助于提高基牙长期存留率。建议在修复设计中综合评估基牙松动度并强化随访依从性管理。

Objective

To retrospectively evaluate the 5-year survival rate of abutment teeth and identify prognostic factors in patients with moderate-to-severe reduced dentition and periodontal disease of residual teeth after receiving removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns.

Methods

A total of 126 patients (150 dentures, 471 abutment teeth) who underwent telescopic denture restoration for moderate-to-severe reduced dentition with periodontal disease of residual teeth at Department of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University between January 2012 and January 2022 were included. The 5-year survival rate of abutment teeth was calculated via the Kaplan-Meier method. The Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression model were utilized to evaluate the effects of abutment distribution (linear sagittal support/linear transverse support, triangular support, quadrilateral support), tooth mobility, regular follow-up, age, gender, and jaw position on abutment survival.

Results

The 5-year cumulative survival rate of all abutment teeth was 83.00% (95% CI: 78.93%-87.28%). No significant difference was found among different abutment distributions (χ2 = 2.872, P = 0.412). Grade Ⅲ mobile abutments had a significantly lower 5-year survival rate than Grade Ⅰ/Ⅱ (χ2 = 13.461, P = 0.001). Patients with regular follow-up showed significantly higher survival rate than non-regular follow-up counterparts (χ2 = 9.176, P = 0.002) .

Conclusions

In the restoration of moderate-to-severe reduced dentition combined with periodontal disease of residual teeth, the 5-year survival rate of abutment teeth for telescopic dentures is generally acceptable. Higher mobility increases the risk of failure, while regular follow-up helps improve the long-term survival rate of abutment teeth. It is recommended that the mobility of abutment teeth be comprehensively evaluated in the repair design and that the management of follow-up compliance be strengthened.

图1 基牙分布方式 A:线性矢状支持-A类;B:线性横向支持-B类;C:三角形支持-C类;D:四边形支持-D类。
表1 本研究150副义齿的基牙数目和分布方式(副)
图2 基牙总的生存曲线
图3 不同基牙分布方式的基牙生存曲线
表2 各组基牙5年存留率特征
表3 多因素Cox比例风险模型分析
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