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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (05) : 275 -280. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2022.05.002

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早期矫治专栏·论著

无托槽隐形矫治青少年患者龋白斑的发病率及其影响因素
马萱怡1, 刘传宏1, 方世殊1, 宋致馨1, 金作林1, 刘倩1,()   
  1. 1. 军事口腔医学国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,陕西省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,空军军医大学第三附属医院口腔正畸科,西安 710032
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-23 出版日期:2022-10-01
  • 通信作者: 刘倩

An investigation on the morbidity and influencing factors of white spot lesions in orthodontic adolescent patients with clear aligner

Xuanyi Ma1, Chuanhong Liu1, Shishu Fang1, Zhixin Song1, Zuolin Jin1, Qian Liu1,()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
  • Received:2022-06-23 Published:2022-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Qian Liu
  • Supported by:
    National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases(LCA202009); Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2021SF-048)
引用本文:

马萱怡, 刘传宏, 方世殊, 宋致馨, 金作林, 刘倩. 无托槽隐形矫治青少年患者龋白斑的发病率及其影响因素[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(05): 275-280.

Xuanyi Ma, Chuanhong Liu, Shishu Fang, Zhixin Song, Zuolin Jin, Qian Liu. An investigation on the morbidity and influencing factors of white spot lesions in orthodontic adolescent patients with clear aligner[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(05): 275-280.

目的

研究接受无托槽隐形矫治的青少年患者龋白斑(WSL)的发生率及其相关影响因素,为正畸后WSL的预防和治疗提供研究依据。

方法

选取空军军医大学第三附属医院口腔正畸科2017年3月至2022年3月接受无托槽隐形矫治的203例青少年患者,通过调查问卷采集患者口腔一般情况及阶段正畸治疗资料;通过目测法对131例无WSL组及72例WSL组患者进行牙齿白斑检测,计算WSL发病率;通过卡方检验、非参数检验及回归法探究接受隐形矫治的患者发生WSL的可能因素。

结果

接受隐形矫治的青少年患者WSL的发病率为34.6%,WSL的发生与以下影响因素相关(P<0.05):性别、每日刷牙次数、每次刷牙时长、使用牙膏类型、使用漱口水频率、饮用碳酸饮料频率、治疗前有无龋齿、佩戴隐形矫治器进食频率及持续时间和佩戴矫治器进食后清洁矫治器频率。Logistic回归分析结果表明,每日刷牙次数、治疗前有无龋齿、饮用碳酸饮料频率及佩戴矫治器进食后清洁矫治器频率可能是WSL的重要危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论

青少年患者接受隐形矫治后具有较高的WSL发生率,其中每日刷牙次数较少、治疗前患有龋齿、饮用碳酸饮料频率较高及佩戴矫治器进食后清洁矫治器频率较低的患者更容易发生WSL。

Objective

To study the incidence and risk factors of white spot lesions (WSL) among adolescent patients treated with clear aligner technique and to provide clinical basis for prevention and treatment.

Methods

About 203 adolescent patients accepted with clear aligner technique treatment from March 2017 to March 2022 were selected from the Orthodontic Department, Stomatological Hospital, Air Force Medical University. And the general oral conditions and orthodontic treatment data of different stages were collected by questionnaire. The incidence of WSL was calculated by direct visual inspection method in the two groups of patients. One group contained 131 patients without WSL while the other contained 72 patients with WSL. Chi-square test, non-parametric test and regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors.

Results

The incidence of WSL is 34.6% in adolescent patients who accepted clear aligner technique treatment. The risk factors of WSL are: gender, frequency of brushing per day, duration of each brushing, type of toothpaste, frequency of mouthwash, frequency of drinking carbonated beverage, present caries before orthodontic treatment, frequency and duration of wearing clear aligner during eating, frequency of cleaning clear aligner after eating with it (P<0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that the significant risk factors are frequency of brushing per day, present caries before orthodontic treatment, whether have caries before treatment, frequency of tooth brushing per day, frequency of drinking carbonated beverage and frequency of cleaning clear aligner after eating with it (P<0.05) .

Conclusions

There is a high incidence of WSL in adolescent patients after receiving clear aligner treatment. Patients with less daily brushing, pre-treatment caries, more frequent consumption of carbonated beverages and less frequent cleaning of aligners after eating are more likely to develop WSL.

表1 龋白斑(WSL)相关危险因素的单因素分析
影响因素 无WSL组(n = 131) 患WSL组(n = 72) 检验值 P
性别     χ2=15.62 0.01
  53 50    
  78 22    
每日刷牙次数     Z = -5.22 0.01
  0次 16 18    
  1次 22 25    
  2次 23 19    
  3次或更多 70 10    
每次刷牙时长     Z = -2.23 0.02
  0 min 16 18    
  ≤ 2 min 60 32    
  >2 min 55 22    
使用牙刷类型     χ2=3.51 0.17
  正畸专用牙刷 32 25    
  电动牙刷 54 30    
  普通牙刷 45 17    
使用牙膏类型     χ2=9.49 0.02
  正畸专用牙膏 51 20    
  美白牙膏 34 17    
  抗过敏牙膏 36 19    
  其他 10 16    
使用漱口水频率     Z = 7.74 0.02
  从不 20 23    
  每周1 ~ 2次 56 25    
  每天1 ~ 2次 55 24    
治疗前有无龋齿     χ2=13.28 0.01
  47 45    
  84 27    
口腔洁治频率     Z = 5.35 0.69
  从不 21 21    
  >1年/次 56 29    
  半年至1年/次 54 22    
饮用碳酸饮料频率     Z = 11.07 0.01
  从不 20 8    
  偶尔 57 20    
  经常 38 23    
  每天 16 21    
佩戴隐形矫治器进食频率(个人行为)   Z = 6.78 0.03
  从不 20 12    
  偶尔 71 26    
  经常 40 34    
佩戴隐形矫治器进食持续时间(医生要求) Z = 10.70 0.03
  从不 18 7    
  <1个月 27 11    
  1 ~ 3个月 32 13    
  3 ~ 6个月 29 12    
  >6个月 25 29    
佩戴矫治器进食后清洁矫治器频率   Z = 17.10 0.01
  从不 10 18    
  偶尔 41 12    
  经常 38 27    
  每次 42 15    
表2 龋白斑相关危险因素的多因素Logistic回归分析
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