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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (04) : 248 -254. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2022.04.008

所属专题: 经典病例

病例分析

埋伏阻生第三磨牙致第二磨牙牙根外吸收临床处理策略分析及病例报告
李羽弘1, 谢跃强2, 何子华3,()   
  1. 1. 南方医科大学口腔医院牙体牙髓科,广州 510280
    2. 南方医科大学口腔医院正畸科,广州 510280
    3. 南方医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科,广州 510280
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-17 出版日期:2022-08-01
  • 通信作者: 何子华

Clinical treatment strategy of the second molars with external root resorption caused by the embedded impacted third molars: A case series

Yuhong Li1, Yueqiang Xie2, Zihua He3,()   

  1. 1. Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
    2. Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
    3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
  • Received:2022-06-17 Published:2022-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Zihua He
引用本文:

李羽弘, 谢跃强, 何子华. 埋伏阻生第三磨牙致第二磨牙牙根外吸收临床处理策略分析及病例报告[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(04): 248-254.

Yuhong Li, Yueqiang Xie, Zihua He. Clinical treatment strategy of the second molars with external root resorption caused by the embedded impacted third molars: A case series[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(04): 248-254.

目的

探讨对于埋伏阻生的第三磨牙导致第二磨牙牙根外吸收的治疗方案选择及预后分析。

方法

纳入2019年1月至2021年12月期间于南方医科大学口腔医院因埋伏阻生第三磨牙导致相邻第二磨牙牙根外吸收而就诊的35例病例为观察对象,通过临床及锥形束CT(CBCT)检查,根据Ericson分类将吸收程度分为以下三类予以处理:(1)轻度吸收:16例。拔除阻生第三磨牙并在第二磨牙远中同期行骨移植术;(2)中度吸收:11例。拔除阻生第三磨牙同时保护其近中牙囊;(3)重度吸收:8例。拔除阻生第二磨牙,择期修复或行正畸治疗。于术后7 d、1个月及6个月对病例进行临床及影像学检查,随访术区及第二磨牙预后情况。

结果

15例第二磨牙牙根轻度吸收及10例中度吸收病例术后6个月随访,CBCT显示牙根外吸收程度较术前无加重,第二磨牙牙髓活力正常;1例轻度吸收病例失访,1例中度吸收病例出现第二磨牙牙髓坏死;8例重度吸收病例在拔除第二磨牙后进行种植或正畸治疗。

结论

通过术前CBCT检查可准确判断埋伏阻生第三磨牙导致第二磨牙牙根外吸收程度。对于牙根外吸收轻度及中度病例采用不同的干预方法可有效地阻断第二磨牙的牙根外吸收进程,且尽可能保留第二磨牙的牙髓活力。

Objective

To analyze the clinical treatment strategy of the second molars with external root resorption (ERR) caused by the embedded impacted third molars.

Methods

From January 2019 to December 2021, 35 second molars with ERR caused by the impacted third molars in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, were included. Through clinical and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations, the situation of the embedded impacted third molars and the degree of ERR of the second molars were determined. In the 16 cases with mild resorption, the impacted third molars were removed and bone grafting was performed simultaneously. In the 11 cases with moderate resorption, the impacted third molars were extracted and mesial follicles were protected. In the eight cases with severe resorption, the second molars were extracted and replaced with the third molars through orthodontic treatment or restored by implants. Clinical and CBCT examinations were taken before and after surgery (7 days, one month, and 6 months) to analyze the prognosis of the surgery sites and second molars in all cases.

Results

After the treatment of the 15 cases with mild ERR and 10 cases with moderate ERR, the CBCT results showed that ERR stopped and the pulp vitality was normal in 6 months after operation. The follow-up of one case with mild resorption was lost. Pulp necrosis occurred in one case with moderate ERR during follow-up. A total of eight patients with severe ERR received orthodontic or implant treatment after the extraction of the second molars.

Conclusions

By determining the degree of ERR and selecting the corresponding clinical treatments, the process of ERR can be effectively blocked, and the pulp vitality and occlusal function of the second molars can be likely retained.

图1 第二磨牙牙根外吸收(ERR)不同分类的影像学表现 A:轻度ERR患牙锥形束CT(CBCT)的表现,可见牙根外侧壁不完整,部分硬组织影像缺如;B:中度ERR患牙的CBCT的表现,可见牙根中下段缺失,且根管影像中断;C:重度ERR患牙CBCT的表现,远中根消失,且已累积髓腔。
图2 轻度牙根外吸收(ERR)典型病例术前锥形束CT(CBCT)影像 A:横截面;B:矢状面。38牙冠抵于37远中根面,37远中根面根管壁部分缺如,根管影像完整清晰。
图3 轻度牙根外吸收(ERR)典型病例术后6个月复查锥形束CT(CBCT)影像 A:横截面;B:矢状面。37远中根侧壁缺损如前,根周牙周膜连续,根尖周未见异常,远中根周可见新生骨质形成。
图4 中度牙根外吸收(ERR)典型病例术前锥形束CT(CBCT)影像 A:横截面;B:矢状面。38近中低位骨埋伏阻生,牙冠抵于37远中根下1/3,37远中根尖牙体组织缺如,根管影像消失,38双根,根尖弯曲近下颌神经管。
图5 中度牙根外吸收(ERR)典型病例术后1个月复查锥形束CT(CBCT)影像 A:横截面;B:矢状面。37远中根尖缺损如前,根尖周未见异常,拔牙窝内壁见新生骨质形成。
图6 中度牙根外吸收(ERR)典型病例术后6个月复诊锥形束CT(CBCT)影像 A:横截面;B:矢状面。37远中根尖缺损如前,远中根周见连续牙周膜影像,根尖周未见异常,骨质密度均匀,与下颌升支骨密度相近。
图7 重度牙根外吸收(ERR)典型病例术前锥形束CT(CBCT)影像 A:横截面;B:矢状面。28近中颊侧低位骨埋伏阻生,牙冠抵于27远中根中上1/3,27远中颊根缺如,28牙根及牙冠发育状况良好。
图8 重度牙根外吸收(ERR)典型病例正畸矫治术后锥形束CT(CBCT)影像 A:横截面;B:全颌曲面断层片。28排列整齐,与37咬合良好,上下磨牙功能尖嵌合紧密,同对侧磨牙一致。
表1 35例埋伏阻生第三磨牙且相邻第二磨牙牙根外吸收病例不同处理后第二磨牙的转归(例)
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