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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2020, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (03) : 164 -170. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2020.03.006

所属专题: 文献

临床研究

儿童口腔医生使用局部麻醉的现状调查
韩欣欣1, 杜样1, 赵辛1, 王子瑞1, 汪璐璐1, 王小竞1,()   
  1. 1. 军事口腔医学国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,陕西省口腔疾病临床研究中心,第四军医大学口腔医院儿童口腔科,西安 710032
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-10 出版日期:2020-06-01
  • 通信作者: 王小竞

The current status of local anesthesia used by pediatric dentists: a survey

Xinxin Han1, Yang Du1, Xin Zhao1, Zirui Wang1, Lulu Wang1, Xiaojing Wang1,()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
  • Received:2020-01-10 Published:2020-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaojing Wang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Wang Xiaojing, Email:
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81670988)
引用本文:

韩欣欣, 杜样, 赵辛, 王子瑞, 汪璐璐, 王小竞. 儿童口腔医生使用局部麻醉的现状调查[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(03): 164-170.

Xinxin Han, Yang Du, Xin Zhao, Zirui Wang, Lulu Wang, Xiaojing Wang. The current status of local anesthesia used by pediatric dentists: a survey[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(03): 164-170.

目的

了解儿童口腔医生使用局部麻醉的相关情况。

方法

对2018年9月至2019年2月随机抽取来自全国不同地区、不同学历及工作情况的527名儿童口腔医生关于局部麻醉使用情况进行问卷调查,并对影响局部麻醉注射技术选择的相关因素进行Fisher精确检验分析。

结果

共发放问卷527份,共回收有效问卷449份。449名样本人群中,阿替卡因使用率[50.78%(228/449)]显著高于甲哌卡因[26.06%(117/449)]和利多卡因[22.05%(99/449)]。医生局部麻醉注射技术的选择与学历(χ2 = 10.867,P = 0.045)及其从事儿童口腔诊疗工作时间(χ2 = 11.755,P = 0.029)有关。82%(367/449)医生认为下颌后牙浸润麻醉效果不佳,56%(251/449)医生选择牙周膜麻醉作为补充麻醉。6.68%(30/449)医生认为局部麻醉无并发症,93.32%(419/449)医生对并发症认知不足。

结论

阿替卡因和浸润麻醉是儿童口腔临床诊疗中最常用的局部麻醉药物和局部麻醉注射技术,牙周膜麻醉作为补充麻醉使用率高,但儿童口腔医生对局部麻醉安全性认识不足,需要加强学习以促进局部麻醉安全。

Objective

To document current practices of pediatric dentists regarding the use of local anesthesia by epidemiological questionnaires, hoping to provide theoretical basis for the use of local anesthesia in children.

Methods

Questionnaires of the use of local anesthesia were conducted among 527 pediatric dentists randomly selected with different academic qualification and working conditions from China during September 2018 and February 2019 and the data which could affect the choice of the injection technique of local anesthesia was statistically analyzed using Fisher exact test.

Results

Among 449 pediatric dentists, the percentage of using articaine [50.78% (228/449) ] was significantly higher than that of mepivacaine [26.06% (117/449) ] and lidocaine [22.05% (99/449) ]. The choice of the injection technique of local anesthesia was related to dentists′ academic qualification (χ2 = 10.867, P = 0.045) and working experience (χ2 = 11.755, P = 0.029) . The dentists who believed that infiltration anesthesia had poor effect in mandibular posterior teeth were 82% (367/449) . 56% (251/449) of dentists chose periodontal ligament injection as the supplementary anesthesia for treatment, The opinion that there were no complications of local anesthesia was held by 6.68% (30/449) of the dentists, and 93.32% (419/449) of the dentists lacked of sufficient knowledge of the complications.

Conclusions

Articaine and infiltration anesthesia the most commonly used local anesthetics and injection technique in the clinical practice of pediatric dentistry respectively. As a supplementary anesthesia, the use rate of periodontal ligament injection is at a high level. However, due to lacking adequate attention of the safety of local anesthesia, pediatric dentists should have intensive learning to promote the safety of local anesthesia.

图1 儿童口腔医生使用局部麻醉的调查问卷
表1 本研究449名受调查的儿童口腔医生性别、年龄分布[例(%)]
图2 本研究449名受调查儿童口腔医生工作单位性质分布
表2 影响儿童口腔医生常用局部麻醉注射技术选择的可能因素[例(%)]
图3 本研究449名受调查儿童口腔医生补充麻醉注射技术选择
图4 本研究449名受调查儿童口腔医生对局部麻醉并发症认知情况比较
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