目的

探讨广州市荔湾区替牙期儿童窝沟封闭防龋、前牙反和开防治的效果及影响因素。

方法

对广州市荔湾区2009 年至2013 年全区适龄儿童实施窝沟封闭防龋项目；同时于2012 年对荔湾区9 ～11 岁儿童错 畸形进行调查，并对前牙反和开进行干预性治疗，收集的相关数据进行统计分析。

结果

在广州市荔湾区，实施儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭最佳对象是二年级学生（7 ～8 岁）；荔湾区窝沟封闭项目进展相对顺利，影响项目的主要因素包括民众的认知度以及医护人员规范化操作和责任心；替牙期前牙反矫治成功率高，复发率低；前牙开矫治成功率高，但复发率也高；前牙反和开儿童就诊治疗率低。

结论

广州市荔湾区二年级学生（7 ～8 岁）应尽早实施窝沟封闭；政府加强宣传教育有助于提高窝沟封闭的普及率。 替牙期前牙反的早期矫治疗效显著，值得推广；前牙开 早期治疗对形态功能的恢复及矫治后的稳定性有事半功倍的效果；政府可考虑加大力度推广替牙期错畸形的防治工作。

Objective

To explore the influence factors of dentition caries， anterior crossbite，open bite in mixed dentition.

Methods

The data of the pit and fissure sealants project from 2009 to 2013 and the 9-11 years old children malocclusion were used for statistically analysis.

Results

The best objects for pit and fissure sealants were the second grade pupils in Liwan District， who were aged about 7-8 years. The progress of the project was relatively smoothly， and its main influence factors included public awareness and standardized operation and responsibility of health care workers. The success rate was high in anterior crossbite treatment and anterior open bite， albeit the recurrence rate was also high in the anterior open bite， the treatment rate was low in malocclusion deformity children.

Conclusions

Pupils in grade two should take pit and fissure sealants as early as possible； Strengthen publicity and education by government could help to improve the penetration rate of pit and fissure sealants. The early treatment effect is significant in anterior crossbite and open bite treatment. The treatment should start as early as possible in mixed dentition； the government may consider to increase efforts to push the prevention work widely in mixed dentition malocclusion deformity.