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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2010, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (02) : 180 -188. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2010.02.013

临床研究

应用羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷引导骨再生对单牙种植修复体牙龈形态的影响
胡晓文1,(), 李斯日古愣1, 李玲蔚1, 李翠君1   
  1. 1.510055 广州,中山大学光华口腔医学院·附属口腔医院·口腔医学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2009-10-25 出版日期:2010-04-01
  • 通信作者: 胡晓文

The effect of guided bone regeneration with coralline hydroxyapatite on gingival morphology of single implant prostheses

Xiao-wen HU1,(), Siriguleng LI1, Ling-wei LI1, Cui-jun LI1   

  1. 1.Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
  • Received:2009-10-25 Published:2010-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiao-wen HU
引用本文:

胡晓文, 李斯日古愣, 李玲蔚, 李翠君. 应用羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷引导骨再生对单牙种植修复体牙龈形态的影响[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2010, 4(02): 180-188.

Xiao-wen HU, Siriguleng LI, Ling-wei LI, Cui-jun LI. The effect of guided bone regeneration with coralline hydroxyapatite on gingival morphology of single implant prostheses[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2010, 4(02): 180-188.

目的

探讨伴有不同程度骨缺损的单牙缺失区引导的再生骨对种植修复体周围牙龈形态美学的影响。

方法

对53 例单牙缺失伴有不同程度牙槽骨缺损的患者进行标准牙种植手术,同期应用羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷行骨引导再生术(GBR),观察引导再生骨的形成情况。 在修复即刻、修复后3、6 个月时,对种植体顶骨缘吸收和种植修复体周围牙龈形态、龈缘水平、牙龈质地、龈乳头结构和龈缘出血状况的变化进行评价。

结果

引导的再生骨充满骨缺损,骨质良好。 在修复后6 个月,4 例出现种植体顶边缘骨吸收超过1 个螺纹,与骨缺损类型无关。随功能负重时间延长,种植修复体牙龈美学效果改善明显,但牙龈形态和龈乳头结构不完整在骨缺损较大病例中的发生率明显高于小型骨缺损病例。

结论

羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷具有良好的引导骨再生作用, 充足的引导再生骨是维持种植修复体周围牙龈正常形态结构的决定性因素。

Objective

To study the effect of guided regenerative bone on the esthetic outcomes of peri-implant gingival tissue in the site of single tooth-loss with various extent of alveolar defect.

Methods

53 patients with single missing tooth and presenting various extent of alveolar defect were treated with standard implant surgery protocol. The guided bone regeneration procedures were performed with coralline hydroxyapatite simultaneously. The situation of bone healing and guided bone regeneration were observed. Marginal bone level around the implant shoulder, the morphology, marginal level, quality, papilla architecture, as well as the marginal bleeding of the gingiva tissue surrounding the implant prostheses were evaluated immediately after implant restoration and at 3- and 6-month follow-up respectively.

Results

The guided regenerative bone grew well and covered the defects completely. At 6-month follow-up, implant marginal bone resorption of over 1 screw was found in 4 patients, not relevant with the defect type. The gingival esthetic outcomes was improved significantly with the increase of functional loading-time; but the incidence of unmatched gingival shape and papilla architecture in the patients with larger alveolar defect is higher than the patients with smaller defect.

Conclutions

Coralline hydroxiapatite is well able to guide new bone to regenerate. Sufficient guided regenerative bone is a decisive factor for maintaining the natural gingival shape and structure around the implant.

图1 骨引导再生效果良好(V 型骨缺损)
图2 骨引导再生效果良好(U 型骨缺损)
图3 骨引导再生效果良好(UU 型骨缺损)
表1 单牙缺失部位和缺失部位骨质缺损类型的分布情况
表2 种植体颈部边缘骨吸收大于1 个螺纹的情况
图4 修复后即刻牙龈美学效果 左:V 型骨缺损; 中:U 型骨缺损; 右:UU 型骨缺损
图5 修复负重后不同时期牙龈美学效果(UU 型骨缺损) 左:修复即刻; 中:负重后3 个月; 右:负重后6 个月
表3 种植修复后龈缘形态、高度和质地的变化情况(例)
表4 53 例种植修复后PI 和mSBI 的检查情况(例)
表5 不同骨缺损类型中软组织美学效果指标间差异的统计学结果
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