目的

比较广州市城、郊幼儿患龋差异并分析影响差异的因素。

方法

随机整群抽样抽取广州市东山区5 所幼儿园和郊区从化市（县级市）7 所幼儿园，被调查的3～4 岁幼儿分别为360 名和369 名，调查龋病、釉质发育缺陷患病情况及可见菌斑指数，对父母进行问卷调查，收集与患龋有关信息。

结果

城区幼儿龋均1.01， 龋患率29.4%； 郊区幼儿龋均3.70， 龋患率68.0%；两地龋均及患龋率差异显著（P ＜0.01）。 多重回归分析显示10 种因素与所调查幼儿患龋相关，其中5 种因素在城郊幼儿之间有显著性差异（P ＜0.05），包括晚间吃甜食、3 岁后使用牙膏、母亲年龄、父母口腔健康态度和家庭收入。

结论

该横断面调查结果初步表明影响广州市郊区幼儿患龋显著高于城区的相关原因是儿童晚间吃甜食、3 岁后才开始使用牙膏、母亲年龄较轻、父母口腔健康态度不够积极和家庭收入较低。

Objective

To compare the prevalence of caries in deciduous teeth of children from urban and suburban areas of Guangzhou and analyze the related factors.

Methods

360 children in 5 nurseries in Dongshan District （urban） and 369 children in 7 nurseries in Conghua （suburban）were chosen randomly in this study. Dental caries status， developmental defect of enamel （DDE） and Visible Plaque Index （VPI） among 3～4 year-old children were recorded. Data related to caries were collected using structured questionnaire complete by their parents.

Results

The dmft and prevalence of caries among children in Dongshan （1.01 and 29.4%） were significantly lower than those among children in Conghua （3.70 and 68.0%）（P ＜0.01）. The results of multiple regression analysis demonstrated that 10 factors correlated to the dmft level of the children， and 5 out of 10 may be contributed to the differences between these two districts， which included consuming sweetmeat at night， using toothpaste after 3 years old， mothers' age， parents' oral health attitude and income.

Conclusion

The results of this cross-section survey primarily suggest that the reasons related to the high dmft level of the children in suburban areas of Guangzhou are consuming sweetmeat at night，using toothpaste after 3 years old， mothers' age， parents' oral health attitude and income.