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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 327 -336. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2026.04.010

所属专题: 文献

论著

肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A对牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖刺激的泡沫细胞增殖和凋亡的影响
高莹1, 周芷晴2, 张伯阳3, 齐诗妤2, 耿涛4, 王慧2, 彭诚1, 梁雪2,()   
  1. 1天津医科大学第二医院口腔科,天津 300211
    2天津市心血管病离子与分子机能重点实验室,天津医科大学第二医院心脏科,天津心脏病学研究所,天津 300211
    3天津医科大学第二医院急诊医学科,天津 300211
    4沧州市中心医院心内科,沧州 061000
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-30 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 梁雪

The impact of CPT1A on proliferation and apoptosis of foam cells stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide

Ying Gao1, Zhiqing Zhou2, Boyang Zhang3, Shiyu Qi2, Tao Geng4, Hui Wang2, Cheng Peng1, Xue Liang2,()   

  1. 1Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
    2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
    3Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
    4Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, China
  • Received:2025-12-30 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Xue Liang
  • Supported by:
    Research Foundation of Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Grants(2025ZD029); Health Research Project of Tianjin(TJWJ2023MS007); Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(24JCQNJC01240); Key Medical Discipline Construction Project of Tianjin(TJYXZDXK-3-006B); Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(H2025110034)
引用本文:

高莹, 周芷晴, 张伯阳, 齐诗妤, 耿涛, 王慧, 彭诚, 梁雪. 肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A对牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖刺激的泡沫细胞增殖和凋亡的影响[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 327-336.

Ying Gao, Zhiqing Zhou, Boyang Zhang, Shiyu Qi, Tao Geng, Hui Wang, Cheng Peng, Xue Liang. The impact of CPT1A on proliferation and apoptosis of foam cells stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 327-336.

目的

探讨牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖(P. gingivalis-LPS)如何通过调控肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(CPT1A)影响泡沫细胞代谢重编程与凋亡的分子机制,研究牙周病原体感染与动脉粥样硬化进展的潜在关联。

方法

通过转录组测序技术分析P. gingivalis-LPS刺激泡沫细胞后的全基因组表达谱,筛选差异表达基因(DEG),并利用生物信息学方法进行功能富集分析;进一步通过基因过表达和凋亡实验验证CPT1A在脂质代谢与细胞凋亡中的核心调控作用。

结果

转录组分析在|log2FC|>1且FDR<0.05的阈值下共鉴定427个DEG(上调318个、下调109个),基于该DEG集的基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析显示,这些基因主要富集于脂质及固醇代谢相关生物学过程,以及PPAR信号通路、脂肪酸代谢和类固醇生物合成等通路。基因集富集分析(GSEA)结果显示,胆固醇/固醇生物合成相关通路负向富集,脂肪酸转运及适应性脂质代谢相关过程正向富集,p53信号通路等凋亡相关通路正向富集。其中,CPT1A表达显著升高并被确认为关键调控因子,功能研究表明CPT1A过表达增强细胞活力并抑制凋亡(P<0.05)。

结论

CPT1A可能通过协调脂代谢重编程与凋亡抵抗机制,介导牙周病原体感染对动脉粥样硬化泡沫细胞病理进程的促进作用。

Objective

To systematically elucidate the molecular mechanism by which Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis-LPS) modulates carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) to influence metabolic reprogramming and apoptosis in foam cells, and to explore the potential link between periodontal pathogen infection and the progression of atherosclerosis.

Methods

Transcriptome sequencing was employed to analyze the whole-genome expression profiles of foam cells stimulated by P. gingivalis-LPS. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, and functional enrichment analysis was conducted using bioinformatics methods. Further validation of the core regulatory role of CPT1A in lipid metabolism and apoptosis was performed through gene overexpression and apoptosis assays.

Results

Transcriptomic analysis identified 427 DEGs (318 upregulated and 109 downregulated) under the thresholds of |log2FC|>1 and FDR<0.05. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses based on these DEGs indicated significant enrichment in lipid- and sterol-related biological processes, as well as the PPAR signaling pathway, fatty acid metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. GSEA results showed that cholesterol/sterol biosynthesis-related pathways were negatively enriched, whereas fatty acid transport and adaptive lipid metabolic processes were positively enriched. In addition, apoptosis-related pathways, including the p53 pathway, were also positively enriched. Among these, CPT1A expression was markedly elevated and confirmed as a key regulator. Functional studies demonstrated that CPT1A overexpression enhanced cell viability and suppressed apoptosis (P<0.05) .

Conclusions

CPT1A may mediate the promotion of atherosclerotic foam cell pathogenesis by periodontal pathogen infection via coordinating lipid metabolic reprogramming and apoptosis resistance.

表1 肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(CPT1A)的siRNA及对照序列
表2 实时荧光定量反转录聚合酶链反应的引物序列
表3 蛋白免疫印迹实验的一抗和二抗
图1 牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖(P. gingivalis-LPS)刺激泡沫细胞的转录组测序分析 A ~ B:热图和火山图分别代表了Con组与Tre组之间的基因表达差异,红色表示上调基因,蓝色表示下调基因,灰色表示差异不显著基因;C:MA图,横坐标为基因在两组样本中的平均表达量(Average log2CPM),纵坐标为基因表达的倍数变化(log2FC);D:差异基因散点图,横坐标为Con组基因的平均表达量,纵坐标为Tre组基因的平均表达量;E:差异表达基因数目柱状统计图,以|log2FC|>1且FDR<0.05为筛选标准,黑色柱代表下调基因数目,灰色柱代表上调基因数目。
图2 牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖(P. gingivalis-LPS)刺激泡沫细胞差异表达基因(DEG)的基因本体(GO)、京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集及基因集富集分析(GSEA)A:DEG的GO功能富集分析;B:DEG的KEGG通路富集分析;C:脂质代谢相关通路GSEA分析;D:细胞凋亡相关通路GSEA分析。A ~ B图中散点的大小代表该条目中富集的差异基因数目,横坐标为Rich factor,颜色表示-log10(adj. P);C ~ D图中散点大小代表基因集大小,横坐标为标准化富集分数(NES),颜色表示-log10FDR。
表4 对差异表达基因(DEG)肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(CPT1A)的筛选(n = 3)
表5 肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(CPT1A)的基因本体(GO)分析
表6 肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(CPT1A)的京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析
图3 肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(CPT1A)在牙龈卟啉单胞菌脂多糖(P. gingivalis-LPS)刺激下的表达变化及其对泡沫细胞活力的影响 A ~ B:P. gingivalis-LPS诱导下CPT1A的转录及蛋白水平变化;C:定量反转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)验证CPT1A沉默及过表达载体的转染效率;D:细胞计数(CCK-8)法检测沉默或过表达CPT1A后泡沫细胞的活力。Con组:对照组;Tre组:P. gingivalis-LPS刺激的泡沫细胞组;si-NC组:阴性对照组;si-CPT1A组:敲低组;pc-DNA3.1+组:空载质粒组;pc-CPT1A组:过表达组。aP = 0.002 2,bP = 0.004 4,cP = 0.000 3,dP = 0.004 2,eP<0.001。
图4 肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1A(CPT1A)对泡沫细胞凋亡的影响 A:流式细胞术检测泡沫细胞凋亡的代表性散点图;B:泡沫细胞凋亡率的量化分析:C:蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)验证转染CPT1A的siRNA后泡沫细胞中凋亡因子的表达情况;D:Western blot验证转染CPT1A的过表达质粒后泡沫细胞中凋亡因子的表达情况。si-NC组:阴性对照组;si-CPT1A组:敲低组;pc-DNA3.1+组:空载质粒组;pc-CPT1A组:过表达组。aP<0.001,bP = 0.000 1,cP = 0.008 4,dP = 0.009 1,eP = 0.019 1,fP = 0.018 0,gP = 0.014 8。
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