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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (04) : 247 -255. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2025.04.004

论著

牙周辅助加速成骨正畸改善骨性Ⅱ类错畸形前牙区牙周软硬组织的临床效果分析
高雳1, 徐琛蓉2, 吴诗文1, 黄希1, 束天童1, 张妍1, 赵川江1,()   
  1. 1中山大学附属口腔医院,光华口腔医学院,广东省口腔医学重点实验室,广东省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,广州 510055
    2南方医科大学口腔医院牙周病科,广州 510280
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2025-08-01
  • 通信作者: 赵川江

Effect of periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics on periodontal soft and hard tissue augmentation in anterior teeth of patients with skeletal ClassⅡ malocclusion

Li Gao1, Chenrong Xu2, Shiwen Wu1, Xi Huang1, Tiantong Shu1, Yan Zhang1, Chuanjiang Zhao1,()   

  1. 1Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou 510055, China
    2Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
  • Received:2025-04-09 Published:2025-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Chuanjiang Zhao
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82370958, 82170959)
引用本文:

高雳, 徐琛蓉, 吴诗文, 黄希, 束天童, 张妍, 赵川江. 牙周辅助加速成骨正畸改善骨性Ⅱ类错畸形前牙区牙周软硬组织的临床效果分析[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(04): 247-255.

Li Gao, Chenrong Xu, Shiwen Wu, Xi Huang, Tiantong Shu, Yan Zhang, Chuanjiang Zhao. Effect of periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics on periodontal soft and hard tissue augmentation in anterior teeth of patients with skeletal ClassⅡ malocclusion[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(04): 247-255.

目的

评价牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)对骨性Ⅱ类错畸形前牙牙周软硬组织的改建作用。

方法

选取2021—2024年就诊于中山大学附属口腔医院行PAOO并完成正畸治疗的21例患者,在术前和术后1年拍摄锥形束CT(CBCT)和患者前牙区的标准化数字照片。根据CBCT影像评估唇侧牙槽骨厚度(LT)和唇侧牙槽骨高度(LH),使用ImageJ软件测量每颗前牙唇侧角化龈宽度(KGW)。应用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验、U检验和H检验对数据进行统计学分析。

结果

与术前相比,术后1年术区牙根冠方、根中部和根尖水平LT(T1、T2、T3)均显著增加,分别为(0.71 ± 0.08)、(1.83 ± 0.09)和(2.36 ± 0.16)mm,差异有统计学意义(ZT1 = -7.828,PT1<0.001;ZT2 = -10.825,PT2<0.001;ZT3 = -10.389,PT3<0.001);术后1年LH及KGW分别增加(5.05 ± 0.33)和(0.78 ± 0.13)mm,差异有统计学意义(ZLH = -10.357,PLH<0.001;ZKGW = -6.833,PKGW<0.001);且下颌根中部LT及LH的改变量高于上颌[(T2下颌 = 1.99 ± 0.11,T2上颌 = 1.51 ± 0.16;H下颌 = -(5.58 ± 0.36),H上颌 = -(3.95 ± 0.67)],差异有统计学意义(ZT2 = -2.328,PT2 = 0.020;ZH = -2.465,PH = 0.014);而各牙位之间的软硬组织增量差异无统计学意义。

结论

PAOO具有改善牙周软硬组织的潜在功能。

Objective

To evaluate the clinical effect of periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) on periodontal soft and hard tissue modification in anterior teeth of patients with skeletal ClassⅡ malocclusion.

Methods

This study enrolled 21 patients with ClassⅡ malocclusion who underwent PAOO and orthodontics treatment in Hospital of Stomatology of Sun Yat-sen University from 2021 to 2024. Intraoral photographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations were performed before PAOO surgery and one year after the surgery to measure labial alveolar bone thickness (LT), labial alveolar bone height (LH) and keratinized gingiva width (KGW). The LH, LT and KGW of the two groups were statistically analyzed by using Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis H Test.

Results

Compared to preoperative, LT at the crestal level, mid-root level and apical leval (T1, T2, T3) was significantly increased at one year postoperatively (ZT1 = -7.828, PT1<0.001; ZT2 = -10.825, PT2<0.001; ZT3 = -10.389, PT3<0.001), respectively, to (0.71 ± 0.08), (1.83 ± 0.09), (2.36 ± 0.16) mm. LH and KGW significantly increased (5.05 ± 0.33) and (0.78 ± 0.13) mm compared to preoperative (ZLH = -10.357, PLH<0.001; ZKGW = -6.833, PKGW<0.001). The increase of mandibular T1 and LH was higher than that of maxilla [T2mandible = 1.99 ± 0.11, T2maxilla = 1.51 ± 0.16; Hmandible = - (5.58 ± 0.36), Hmaxilla = - (3.95 ± 0.67) ], the difference was statistically significant (ZT2 = -2.328, PT2 = 0.020; ZH = -2.465, PH = 0.014). There was no significant difference in soft and hard tissue augmentation among different teeth.

Conclusion

PAOO has the potential to improve periodontal soft and hard tissue.

图1 唇侧牙槽骨厚度及高度测量示意图 L0为牙体长轴;A1、A2、A3分别为唇侧牙槽嵴顶下2 mm、根中1/2和根尖点;过A1、A2、A3作L0的垂线,与唇侧牙槽骨壁最外缘分别相交于B1、B2、B3;C为唇侧牙槽嵴顶;D为唇侧釉牙骨质界;T1为A1、B1间线段,即冠方水平骨厚度;T2为A2、B2间线段,即根中部水平骨厚度;T3为A3、B3间线段,即根尖水平骨厚度;H为C、D间线段,H改变量即唇侧牙槽骨高度改变量。
表1 所有牙位牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术前及术后1年唇侧牙槽骨厚度及宽度( ± s,mm)
表2 上颌牙牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术前及术后1年唇侧牙槽骨厚度及宽度( ± s,mm)
表3 下颌牙牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术前及术后1年唇侧牙槽骨厚度及宽度( ± s,mm)
表4 牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术前及术后1年唇侧角化龈宽度( ± s,mm)
表5 上、下颌牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术前及术后1年唇侧牙槽骨厚度及高度、角化龈宽度变化量对比( ± s,mm)
表6 不同牙位牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术前及术后1年唇侧牙槽骨厚度及高度、角化龈宽度变化量对比( ± s,mm)
图2 骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者正畸前图像资料 A:正面相;B:正面微笑相;C侧面相;D:侧面微笑相;E:右侧相;F:正面相;G:左侧相;H:上颌相;I:下颌相;J:X线头颅侧位片;K:口腔全景曲面体层片;L:锥形束CT矢状面。
图3 骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术前锥形束CT图像 A:上颌矢状面;B:下颌矢状面。
图6 骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者PAOO术后2周口内照 6A:下颌;6B:上颌。
图7 骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者牙周辅助加速成骨正畸(PAOO)术后1年治疗效果图像资料 A:正面相;B:正面微笑相;C侧面相;D:侧面微笑相;E:右侧相;F:正面相;G:左侧相;H:上颌相;I:下颌相;J:X线头颅侧位片;K:口腔全景曲面体层片;L:锥形束CT矢状面。
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