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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (06) : 333 -342. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2022.06.001

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牙髓干细胞专栏·专家论坛

牙髓干细胞与牙髓再生
毛学理1, 施松涛1,†()   
  1. 1. 中山大学附属口腔医院，光华口腔医学院，华南颅颌干细胞转化研究中心，广东省口腔医学重点实验室，广州　510055
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-03 出版日期:2022-12-01
  • 通信作者: 施松涛

Dental pulp stem cells and pulp regeneration

Xueli Mao1, Songtao Shi1,†()   

  1. 1. Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
  • Received:2022-11-03 Published:2022-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Songtao Shi
  • Supported by:
    National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1100600)
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毛学理, 施松涛. 牙髓干细胞与牙髓再生[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(06): 333-342.

Xueli Mao, Songtao Shi. Dental pulp stem cells and pulp regeneration[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2022, 16(06): 333-342.

完整且有活力的牙髓对牙体硬组织健康和稳态的维持至关重要。因感染或外伤等原因致牙髓坏死的患牙，失去了牙髓的支持和营养，即使常规根管治疗远期仍容易出现根折，这也是临床失牙的重要原因。如何诱导牙髓再生并延长患牙的使用寿命是临床面临的挑战。牙髓干细胞（DPSC）和乳牙牙髓干细胞（SHED）分别来源于恒牙和脱落乳牙的牙髓组织，具有高增殖、多向分化和成神经血管的能力，为牙髓再生的最佳"种子"细胞。多项临床前研究和基于自体干细胞移植的临床研究均证实，DPSC和SHED移植可在髓腔原位重建生理性牙髓结构。本述评重点阐述牙髓干细胞的特性和牙髓再生的研究现状，旨在为未来临床牙髓疾病治疗提供新的思路。

关键词: 牙髓干细胞, 乳牙牙髓干细胞, 牙髓再生

An intact and healthy dental pulp is crucial to maintain the integrity of tooth. A variety of impairments such as infection and trauma cause irreversible pulp damage, which require removal of pulp tissue and conventional root canal filing. However, this type of treatment fails to restore vital pulp. It is still a clinical challenge that how to regenerate pulp and prolong the lifespan of tooth. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are isolated from the dental pulp of permanent teeth and exfoliated deciduous teeth, respectively. They are more suitable and practical kinds of seed cell sources for dental pulp regeneration due to their superior proliferation capacity, excellent neurogenic / angiogenic differentiation capability, and dental tissue origin. A few preclinical and clinical studies showed that implantation of autologous DPSCs or SHED can re-establish physiological pulp tissue structures. This review article sought to introduce the innate characteristics of DPSCs / SHED and the current state of dental pulp regeneration research.

Key words: Dental pulp stem cells, Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, Dental pulp regeneration
图1 牙髓干细胞与牙髓再生基础研究、临床前和临床研究中重要事件时间轴　SHED为乳牙牙髓干细胞；DPSC为恒牙牙髓干细胞；PD-1为程序性死亡受体1。
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