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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 77 -83. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2019.02.003

所属专题： 文献；

基础研究

2%戊二醛消毒剂对石膏模型尺寸稳定性和力学性能的影响
韦佩伶1, 张雯2, 谢文强3, 郑美华3,†()   
  1. 1. 柳州市人民医院口腔科　545006
    2. 广东省第二中医院口腔科，广州　510095
    3. 中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院口腔科，广州　510120
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-10 出版日期:2019-04-01
  • 通信作者: 郑美华

Effect of 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant on dimensional stability and mechanical properties of gypsum model

Peiling Wei1, Wen Zhang2, Wenqiang Xie3, Meihua Zheng3,†()   

  1. 1. Department of Stomatology, Liuzhou People′s Hospital, Liuzhou 545006, China
    2. Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510095, China
    3. Department of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
  • Received:2018-12-10 Published:2019-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Meihua Zheng
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Zheng Meihua, Email:
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引用本文：

韦佩伶, 张雯, 谢文强, 郑美华. 2%戊二醛消毒剂对石膏模型尺寸稳定性和力学性能的影响[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2019, 13(02): 77-83.

Peiling Wei, Wen Zhang, Wenqiang Xie, Meihua Zheng. Effect of 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant on dimensional stability and mechanical properties of gypsum model[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2019, 13(02): 77-83.

目的

研究2%戊二醛消毒剂对Ⅳ型石膏模型性能的影响，结合扫描电镜（SEM）分析模型断面形貌特征，为消毒剂调和消毒法的临床应用提供依据。

方法

用蒸馏水和2%戊二醛消毒剂分别调制Ⅳ型石膏模型，检测模型24 h尺寸变化和表面硬度、1 h和2 h压缩强度及1 h和2 h弯曲强度值，数据用SPSS 20.0进行两独立样本的t检验比较分析，并用SEM观察石膏断面形貌。

结果

模型尺寸变化最小值和最大值分别见于2%戊二醛组OH值0.0006%和OO′值为0.1290%，2%戊二醛和蒸馏水分别调制的Ⅳ型石膏模型的三维尺寸变化差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。石膏样本的表面硬度最大值见于蒸馏水组（68.30 N/mm2），最小值见于2%戊二醛组（58.20 N/mm2），两组间表面努氏硬度值差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。最小压缩强度值32.00 MPa和最小弯曲强度值7.42 N/mm2见于2%戊二醛1 h组，蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛1 h组间的压缩强度值差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001），蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛2 h组的压缩强度值差异无统计学意义；蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛1 h组间的弯曲强度值差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛2 h组的弯曲强度值差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2%戊二醛1 h样本断面电镜图可见明显短小晶体相对整齐的聚集；2%戊二醛2 h样本晶体呈似蒸馏水1 h组的板状晶体交错排列。

结论

2%戊二醛消毒剂调和法对Ⅳ型石膏模型尺寸稳定性和表面硬度无影响。2%戊二醛调和消毒Ⅳ型石膏模型的1 h压缩强度和1 h弯曲强度降低，其2 h压缩强度和2 h弯曲强度升高，达到牙科模型要求。

关键词: 戊二醛, 硫酸钙，牙模型, 表面硬度, 抗压强度, 挠曲强度, 尺寸变化
Objective

To evaluate the effect of 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant on properties of Ⅳ type gypsum model, and the morphological characteristics of the fractured surfaces of gypsum samples were observed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) , which provided the basis for the clinical application of disinfectant blending method.

Methods

Type Ⅳ gypsum models were made by type Ⅳ gypsum mixed with distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde, respectively. At 24 hours after the mixture of type Ⅳ gypsum, samples were measured to calculate their dimensional change, and the Knoop hardness of the sample surface was tested. The compressive strength and bending strength of models at one and two hours were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed with t-test of two independent samples (SPSS 20.0) . The morphology of the fractured surfaces was observed by SEM.

Results

The minimum and the maximum values of model size change were OH 0.0006% and OO′ 0.1290% in the 2% glutaraldehyde group, respectively. The maximum surface hardness of gypsum samples was 68.30 N/mm2 in the distilled water group, and the minimum value was 58.20 N/mm2 in the 2% glutaraldehyde group. There was no significant difference in dimensional changes and surface hardness between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde (P>0.05) . The minimum compressive strength (32.00 MPa) and bending strength (7.42 N/mm2) were found in the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at1 h. There was significant difference in compression strength between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h (P<0.001) . There was no significant difference in compression strength between the group of distilled water at 1 h and the group of glutaraldehyde at 2 h (P>0.05) . There was significant difference in bending strength between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h (P<0.001) . There was no significant difference in bending strength between the group of distilled water at 1 h and the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at 2 h (P>0.05) . SEM of the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h showed a relatively neat aggregation of short crystals. Crystals of the distilled water group and the 2% glutaraldehyde group at 2 h showed the same plate-like crystals which were staggered similarly.

Conclusions

There are no effects of 2% glutaraldehyde on the 24 h dimensional stability and surface hardness of type Ⅳ gypsum. The Ⅳ gypsum mixed with 2% glutaraldehyde had reduced compressive strength and bending strength at 1 h, while its bending strength and compressive strength at 2 h increased to meet the mechanical requirements of dental model. It is recommended that the demoulding time should be two hours after gypsum mixed with 2% glutaraldehyde.

Key words: Glutaral, Calcium sulfate, dental models, Hardness, surface, Compressive strength, Bending strength, Dimensional change
图1 金属标样1正面观示意图　注：BL、bl为基牙颊舌向距离，OO′为两基牙中心点距离
图2 金属标样1侧面观示意图　注：OH、oh为基牙龈高度；α为基牙聚合度，α<5°
图3 可对半拆分黄铜模具2
图4 三点弯曲试验和表面硬度测试样本的金属标样3
表1 两种溶剂调和灌制Ⅳ型石膏模型的尺寸变化分析结果
组别 样本数 （个） 均数 ± 标准差 （%） 最小值 （%） 最大值 （%） t值 P值
OH ? ? ? ? -0.898 0.381
? DW组 10 0.0320 ± 0.0301 0.0010 0.0814 ? ?
? GA组 10 0.0450 ± 0.0339 0.0006 0.0915 ? ?
BL ? ? ? ? 0.039 0.970
? DW组 10 0.0721 ± 0.0352 0.0132 0.1253 ? ?
? GA组 10 0.0715 ± 0.0273 0.0364 0.1283 ? ?
bl ? ? ? ? 0.559 0.583
? DW组 10 0.0755 ± 0.0325 0.0284 0.1262 ? ?
? GA组 10 0.0678 ± 0.0297 0.0249 0.1196 ? ?
OO′ ? ? ? ? -0.121 0.905
? DW组 10 0.0909 ± 0.0290 0.0471 0.1265 ? ?
? GA组 10 0.0925 ± 0.0306 0.0449 0.1290 ? ?
表2 两种溶剂调制Ⅳ型石膏样本的24 h表面努氏硬度值（N/mm2）
组别 样本数（个） 均数 ± 标准差 最小值 最大值
DW组 10 63.71 ± 2.72 59.80 68.30
GA组 10 62.75 ± 2.96 58.20 66.70
表3 两种溶剂调和消毒石膏模型的压缩强度值（MPa）
组别 样本数（个） 均数 ± 标准差 最小值 最大值
DW1组 10 40.56 ± 1.49 38.60 42.50
GA1组 10 32.73 ± 0.58 32.00 33.90
DW2组 10 48.44 ± 1.56 46.50 50.50
GA2组 10 41.01 ± 1.20 39.40 42.90
表4 两种溶剂调和消毒石膏模型的1 h和2 h弯曲强度值（N/mm2）
组别 样本数（个） 均数 ± 标准差 最小值 最大值
DW1组 10 10.90 ± 0.34 10.48 11.49
GA1组 10 8.11 ± 0.47 7.42 8.69
DW2组 10 13.21 ± 0.29 12.85 13.70
GA2组 10 11.13 ± 0.44 10.59 11.97
图8 2%戊二醛2 h组石膏模型样本断面SEM图像（可见板条状的晶体柱，交错排列）
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