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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02) : 84 -95. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2025.02.002

论著

胰岛素样生长因子2结合蛋白2预测口腔癌预后的生信分析研究
王祥柱1, 马玥麟1, 谢晓莉1, 蒋海叶2,()   
  1. 1. 中南大学湘雅口腔医院,中南大学湘雅口腔医学院,口腔健康研究湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410008
    2. 湖南师范大学医学部,长沙 410013
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-06 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 蒋海叶
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(8197071624)湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ40906)

Bioinformatics analysis of insulin-like growth factor 2-binding protein 2 in predicting prognosis of oral cancer

Xiangzhu Wang1, Yuelin Ma1, Xiaoli Xie1, Haiye Jiang2,()   

  1. 1. Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology,Central South University & Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research,Changsha 410008,China
    2. Hunan Normal University Health Science Center,Changsha 410013,China
  • Received:2024-06-06 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Haiye Jiang
引用本文:

王祥柱, 马玥麟, 谢晓莉, 蒋海叶. 胰岛素样生长因子2结合蛋白2预测口腔癌预后的生信分析研究[J/OL]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(02): 84-95.

Xiangzhu Wang, Yuelin Ma, Xiaoli Xie, Haiye Jiang. Bioinformatics analysis of insulin-like growth factor 2-binding protein 2 in predicting prognosis of oral cancer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(02): 84-95.

目的

探讨N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)的重要效应因子胰岛素样生长因子2 结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)在口腔癌发生和进展过程中的作用。

方法

从癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)和高通量基因表达(GEO)数据库中筛选并获取2012—2024 年口腔癌相关的转录组数据和临床信息,利用R 包对数据分别进行基因组富集分析(GSEA)、京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析、基因本体(GO)分析、相关性分析和Cox回归分析等。从中南大学湘雅口腔医院获取口腔癌组织病理切片,通过免疫组化和免疫荧光分析验证了IGF2BP2 的表达水平,基于t 检验对结果进行统计分析。

结果

m6A 相关分子IGF2BP2 表达越高,口腔癌患者总生存率越低(P<0.05)。IGF2BP2 是口腔癌中上调最明显的m6A 相关蛋白(P<0.001),ROC 曲线显示IGF2BP2 预测口腔癌的系数为0.839。免疫组化和免疫荧光分析表明,IGF2BP2 在口腔癌中的表达明显高于正常口腔组织(P<0.05)。IGF2BP2 高表达与口腔癌更高的分级(P<0.05)、分期(P<0.05)和肿瘤原发部位(P<0.05)呈正相关。单因素(P<0.05)和多因素(P=0.074)回归分析表明,IGF2BP2 对口腔癌具有独立预后价值。GSEA、KEGG、GO和相关性分析表明,上调的IGF2BP2通过改变M0巨噬细胞和调节性T细胞的分布影响机体免疫,与免疫检查点基因相互作用,影响免疫治疗的效果。

结论

IGF2BP2上调与口腔癌更高的肿瘤分期和更差的预后正相关,IGF2BP2对口腔癌的发生、发展具有重要影响。

Objective

To investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor 2-binding protein 2(IGF2BP2),an important effector of N6-methyladenosine(m6A),in the development and progression of oral cancer.

Methods

The transcriptome data and clinical information related to oral cancer were selected from the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)and gene expression omnibus(GEO)databases from 2012-2024.Genome enrichment analysis(GSEA),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis,gene ontology(GO)analysis,correlation analysis,and Cox regression analysis were performed on the data using the R package.Pathological sections of oral cancer were obtained from Xiangya Stomatology Hospital,Central South University.The expression level of IGF2BP2 was verified by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis,and the results were statistically analyzed based on t test.

Results

The dysregulation of m6A-related protein played an important role in the development of tumors.It was found that the higher the expression of the m6A-related molecule IGF2BP2,the lower the overall survival rate of patients with oral cancer(P<0.05).IGF2BP2 was the most upregulated m6A-related protein in oral cancer(P<0.001),and the ROC curve showed that the coefficient of IGF2BP2 in predicting oral cancer was 0.839.Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis showed that the expression of IGF2BP2 in oral cancer was significantly higher than that in the normal oral tissues(P<0.05).High expression of IGF2BP2 was positively correlated with high grade(P<0.05),stage(P<0.05),and primary site(P<0.05)of oral cancer.Univariate(P<0.05)and multivariate(P=0.074)regression analysis showed that IGF2BP2 had independent prognostic value in oral cancer.GSEA,KEGG,GO,and correlation analysis further demonstrated that upregulated IGF2BP2 affected immunity by altering the distribution of macrophage M0 and regulatory T cells(Tregs)and interacting with immune checkpoint genes,thereby affecting the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Conclusions

Upregulated IGF2BP2 was positively correlated with higher tumor stage and poorer prognosis of oral cancer.IGF2BP2 played an important role in the occurrence and development of oral cancer.

表1 本研究数据库筛选样本的临床信息汇总表
图1 泛癌中N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)甲基化相关基因的表达谱 通过GEPIA网站,分别显示了33种不同肿瘤类型中12种m6A甲基化调控因子的表达水平。图中每个点代表一个不同的样本,红色的点代表肿瘤样本,绿色的点代表正常样本。癌症名称的颜色表示所分析的基因在该癌症类型中是上调(红色)和(或)下调(绿色)。这些癌症包括急性髓性白血病(LAML)、肾上腺皮质癌(ACC)、胆管癌(CHOL)、膀胱癌(BLCA)、乳腺癌(BRCA)、宫颈癌(CESC)、结肠癌(COAD)、子宫内膜癌(UCEC)、食管癌(ESCA)、胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)、头颈癌(HNC)、肾色素细胞癌(KICH)、肾透明细胞癌(KIRC)、肾乳头状细胞癌(KIRP)、大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBC)、肝癌(LIHC)、低级别胶质瘤(LGG)、肺腺癌(LUAD)、肺鳞癌(LUSC)、黑色素瘤(SKCM)、间皮瘤(MESO)、眼黑色素瘤(UVM)、卵巢癌(OV)、胰腺癌(PAAD)、嗜铬细胞瘤和副神经节瘤(PCPG)、前列腺癌(PRAD)、直肠癌(READ)、肉瘤(SARC)、胃癌(STAD)、睾丸癌(TGCT)、胸腺瘤(THYM)、甲状腺癌(THCA)和子宫肉瘤(UCS)。
图2 519例头颈部肿瘤(HNC)组织和44例正常组织中12个N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)甲基化相关基因的相对表达水平aP<0.05。
图3 胰岛素样生长因子2结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)上调与口腔癌(OC)的不良预后相关 A、B:分别为IGF2BP2IGF2BP3高和低表达水平患者总生存期的Kaplan-Meier 曲线;C:IGF2BP2对OC患者1、3和5年生存时间的预测价值的ROC曲线;D:基于TCGA 的IGF2BP2在OC样本中与正常组织样本差异表达的箱线图;E:基于GEO 数据集的IGF2BP2 在OC 样本中与正常组织样本差异表达的箱线图;F:基于GEO 数据集的IGF2BP2在OC样本中的ROC曲线;G:与正常组织样本相比,OC样本中IGF2BP2的免疫组化分析,上图:整体扫描图,下图:局部放大图;H:与正常组织样本相比,OC样本中IGF2BP2的免疫荧光分析;I:与正常组织样本相比,OC样本中IGF2BP2的免疫荧光强度比较;aP<0.001,bP<0.05。
图4 胰岛素样生长因子2结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)与口腔癌(OC)临床特征的相关性 A ~F:分别为IGF2BP2与OC患者年龄、性别、肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期、原发肿瘤灶(T)和淋巴结转移(N)的相关性分析;G:IGF2BP2高低表达组与临床特征的相关性热图。
图5 胰岛素样生长因子2结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)对口腔癌(OC)患者的预后预测潜力 A:基于临床特征和IGF2BP2预测患者不同时期生存率的列线图;B:基于列线图预测的不同时间点总生存率(OS)和观察到的OS校准曲线图;C:单变量因素的独立预后分析;D:多变量因素的独立预后分析;aP<0.05。
图6 胰岛素样生长因子2结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)相关基因在口腔癌(OC)中的共表达分析 A:IGF2BP2在OC中的共表达圆图;B ~D:分别为基于TCGA 的HMGA2PHLDB2CORO1C 在OC 中与正常组织样本相比的差异表达箱线图,相对应的下方箱式图表示基于TCGA 的(B)HMGA2、(C)PHLDB2 和(D)CORO1C 在OC 中与相邻正常组织样本相比的成对差异表达箱线图,aP<0.05;E ~G 分别是与正常组织相比,(E)HMGA2、(F)PHLDB2和(G)CORO1C在OC中的表达分析,上图:免疫组化整体扫描图,下图:局部放大图。
图7 口腔癌(OC)中胰岛素样生长因子2 结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)相关基因的GO、KEGG 和基因组富集分析(GSEA) A:IGF2BP2 高表达组和低表达组的差异表达基因(DEG)热图;B ~D:分别为基于IGF2BP2高表达组和低表达组的DEG的GO分析圆图、柱状图和气泡图;E ~F:基于IGF2BP2高表达组和低表达组DEG的KEGG分析柱状图和气泡图;G:IGF2BP2高和低表达组DEG功能的GSEA富集分析;H:IGF2BP2高和低表达组DEG不同通路的GSEA富集分析。
图8 胰岛素样生长因子2 结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)与免疫细胞和免疫检查点基因之间的相关性分析 A:口腔癌(OC)中肿瘤突变负荷与IGF2BP2表达的相关性分析;B:OC中IGF2BP2高表达组和低表达组的肿瘤微环境评分分析;C:OC中IGF2BP2高表达组和低表达组不同种类免疫细胞的差异分析箱线图;D ~H:IGF2BP2分别与静息记忆性CD4+T细胞、M0型巨噬细胞、静息NK细胞、初始B细胞和滤泡辅助型T细胞(Tfh)的相关性分析;I ~M:IGF2BP2 分别与调节型T 细胞(Tregs)、浆细胞、CD8+T 细胞、静息树突状细胞和静息肥大细胞的相关性分析;N:IGF2BP2与不同免疫细胞之间的棒棒糖图;O:IGF2BP2与免疫检查点基因的相关性点图;P:IGF2BP2与免疫检查点基因的相关性分析热图;aP<0.001,bP<0.05。
表2 胰岛素样生长因子2结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)与免疫检查点基因的相关性分析结果
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