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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01) : 30 -37. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2024.01.005

论著

成年大学生上前牙被动萌出异常的临床特征和相关因素分析
林若菲, 朱好慧, 吴哲, 郭吕华, 余挺, 罗涛()   
  1. 广州医科大学口腔医学院,广州 510182
    广州医科大学附属口腔医院口腔修复科,广东省口腔修复与重建工程技术研究中心,广州市口腔再生医学基础与应用研究重点实验室,广州 510182
    广州医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科,广东省口腔修复与重建工程技术研究中心,广州市口腔再生医学基础与应用研究重点实验室,广州 510182
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-20 出版日期:2024-02-01
  • 通信作者: 罗涛

Analysis of clinical characteristics and related factors of altered passive eruption in anterior maxillary teeth among adult university students

Ruofei Lin, Haohui Zhu, Zhe Wu, Lyuhua Guo, Ting Yu, Tao Luo()   

  1. School of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
    Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
    Department of Periodontology, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
  • Received:2023-10-20 Published:2024-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Tao Luo
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81300902); Guangzhou Medical University College of Stomatology([2022]3, [2023]8); Guangzhou Medical University Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(2021A049, S202210570043)
引用本文:

林若菲, 朱好慧, 吴哲, 郭吕华, 余挺, 罗涛. 成年大学生上前牙被动萌出异常的临床特征和相关因素分析[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 30-37.

Ruofei Lin, Haohui Zhu, Zhe Wu, Lyuhua Guo, Ting Yu, Tao Luo. Analysis of clinical characteristics and related factors of altered passive eruption in anterior maxillary teeth among adult university students[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(01): 30-37.

目的

研究成年大学生中被动萌出异常(APE)人群上颌前牙附着龈宽度(AGW)和临床牙冠宽长比(CCW/CCL)与正常人群相比是否存在差异,并分析相关因素。

方法

2022年10—11月期间招募来自广州医科大学的60名大学生,其中28名男性、32名女性,年龄20 ~ 23岁。对全部大学生进行以下数据的采集:AGW、龈沟深度、临床牙冠长度(CCL)、临床牙冠宽度(CCW)、牙龈生物型、前牙咬合关系、上唇高度,以及参与者的性别、身高和体质量。口呼吸史通过问卷调查获得。组间比较采用独立样本t检验、卡方检验和威尔科克森-曼-惠特尼检验。

结果

60名参与者中有7名男性和12名女性被诊断为APE。在口呼吸病史、性别、身高、体质量指数、上唇高度、前牙咬合关系和牙龈生物型等方面,APE人群和正常人群之间差异无统计学意义。APE与AGW(P<0.05)和CCW/CCL(P<0.05)的增加有关。在有APE的个体中,侧切牙的发生率最高(UR2:94.7%、UL2:78.9%),其次是尖牙(UR3:42.1%、UL3:42.1%),而中切牙的发生率最低(UR1:26.3%、UL1:21.1%)。此外,在左右同名牙中,右侧侧切牙和尖牙的CCL比左侧侧切牙和尖牙大。

结论

APE与AGW和CCW/CCL的增加有关。在诊断疑似APE时,可将AGW和CCW/CCL作为参考指标。此外,APE好发于侧切牙和尖牙的临床特点也为临床诊治提供参考。

Objective

To investigate whether there are differences in attachment gingival width (AGW) and clinical crown width/length ratio (CCW/CCL) of maxillary anterior teeth in a population of adult college students with anomalous passive eruption (APE) as compared to the normal population, and its association with related factors.

Methods

Between October and November 2022, we included 60 university students (28 males and 32 females) from Guangdong Province, whose ages ranged from 20 to 23 years old and underwent the following clinical data collection: AGW, gingival sulcus depth, clinical crown length (CCL), clinical crown width (CCW), gingival biotype, anterior occlusal relationship, upper lip height, and gender, height and weight. Oral respiratory history was obtained by using a questionnaire. Independent samples t-test, chi-square test and Mann-Whitney test were used for comparison between groups.

Results

Seven males and 12 females out of 60 participants were diagnosed with APE. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with APE and the normal population in terms of oral respiratory history, gender, height, body mass index, upper lip height, anterior occlusal relationship and gingival biotype. APE was associated with an increase in AGW (P<0.05) and CCW/CCL (P<0.05). Among individuals with APE, lateral incisors had the highest prevalence (UR2: 94.7%, UL2: 78.9%), followed by cuspids (UR3: 42.1%, UL3: 42.1%), while central incisors had the lowest prevalence (UR1: 26.3%, UL1: 21.1%). In addition, among the right and left homonymous teeth, the CCL was greater in the right lateral incisors and cuspids than in the left lateral incisors and cuspids.

Conclusions

APE was associated with increased AGW and CCW/CCL. AGW and CCW/CCL can be used as reference indicators in the diagnosis of patients with suspected APE. In addition, the clinical features favoring lateral incisors and cuspids should be taken into consideration in clinical diagnosis and treatment of APE.

图1 口内照片和口内数字扫描模型 A:软件测量临床牙冠长度(CCL)和宽度(CCW);B:口内照片。
表1 被动萌出异常(APE)人群及正常人群的临床特征比较
表2 上颌前牙不同牙位中符合被动萌出异常(APE)诊断标准的占比[例(%)]
图2 被动萌出异常(APE)人群中符合APE诊断的牙齿数量饼图
图3 被动萌出异常(APE)人群和正常人群上颌前牙附着龈宽度(AGW)和临床牙冠宽长比(CCW/CCL)数据的分布情况 A:APE人群上颌前牙的CCW/CCL均大于正常人群,差异有统计学意义;B:APE人群上颌前牙AGW均大于正常人群,差异有统计学意义;aP<0.001,bP<0.05;横线:中位数、25%和75%四分位数。
表3 被动萌出异常(APE)人群和正常人群左右同名牙上颌前牙附着龈宽度(AGW)和临床牙冠宽长比(CCW/CCL)的比较
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