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中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版) ›› 2020, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (03) : 181 -186. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2020.03.009

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"光华杯"专栏

以"光华杯"口腔临床技能竞赛为契机不断提高牙体牙髓病学实践教学质量
郑健茂1, 刘佳1, 韦曦1, 麦穗1,()   
  1. 1. 中山大学光华口腔医学院·附属口腔医院,广东省口腔医学重点实验室,广州 510055
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-27 出版日期:2020-06-01
  • 通信作者: 麦穗

Taking the "Guanghua Cup" oral clinical skills competition as an opportunity to improve the clinical training of operative dentistry and endodontics

Jianmao Zheng1, Jia Liu1, Xi Wei1, Sui Mai1,()   

  1. 1. Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
  • Received:2020-03-27 Published:2020-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Sui Mai
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Mai Sui, Email:
  • Supported by:
    Guangdong Financial Fund for High—Caliber Hospital Construction(174-2018-XMZC-0001-03-0125/C-01); 2018 Guangdong Higher Education Teaching Reform Project—Exploration of Progressive Holistic Thinking Training in Dental and Endodontics Practice(52000-18842592); Undergraduate competition project of Sun Yat-sen University in 2019(52000-18008026); 2018 Sun Yat-sen University Undergraduate Teaching Quality Engineering Project—Progressive Holistic Thinking Training in Dental Exploration in the practice of dentistry and endodontics(52000-18832617); 2019 undergraduate teaching quality engineering project—quality video open class construction project(87000-18842502)
引用本文:

郑健茂, 刘佳, 韦曦, 麦穗. 以"光华杯"口腔临床技能竞赛为契机不断提高牙体牙髓病学实践教学质量[J]. 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(03): 181-186.

Jianmao Zheng, Jia Liu, Xi Wei, Sui Mai. Taking the "Guanghua Cup" oral clinical skills competition as an opportunity to improve the clinical training of operative dentistry and endodontics[J]. Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(03): 181-186.

"光华杯"口腔临床技能竞赛是由中山大学光华口腔医学院主办的全国乃至国际的口腔技能赛事,也是其教学特色之一。本文结合中山大学光华口腔医学院牙体牙髓病实践教学工作情况及参加竞赛的经验体会,分析"光华杯"技能竞赛所折射出的牙体牙髓病学教学相关问题以及对策,并探讨技能竞赛对牙体牙髓病学教学的促进作用,浅谈如何更好地利用"光华杯"口腔临床技能竞赛这一契机,不断提高牙体牙髓病学的实践教学质量。

The "Guanghua Cup" oral clinical skills competition is a well-known and famous oral skills competition sponsored by Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University. It is also one of the out-standing teaching features of our hospital. This article analyzes the problems and countermeasures reflected in the "Guanghua Cup" skill competition with the experience of clinical training of operative dentistry and endodontics and participating in the competition. and discusses how to make better use of "Guanghua Cup" competition to improve the clinical training of operative dentistry and endodontics.

表1 牙体牙髓病学临床技能竞赛项目内容、操作细则和标准
竞赛操作内容 操作细则和标准
髓腔入口制备 ①具体操作:手机的持笔式握法、支点稳定、裂钻开髓、球钻揭顶、中央窝下钻并与牙长轴平行
②开髓洞形:上颌磨牙为颊舌径>近远中径的圆钝三角形(存在MB2时开髓洞形由三角形改良为斜方形),下颌磨牙为近远中径>颊舌径的钝圆角的长方形,洞缘线圆缓
③开髓效果:暴露所有根管口、形成直线通路、揭净髓室顶、髓室底完整
G.V.BlackⅡ类洞 ①具体操作:手机的持笔式握法、支点稳定、间歇磨除、备洞的顺序先邻面后咬合面
②邻面洞形:龈壁齐龈且与髓壁平行、宽1.0 ~ 1.5 mm,颊舌侧壁扩展到自洁区,邻面洞形为略小于龈向的梯形,洞缘角接近直角,轴壁高度适中与牙长轴平行
③咬合面洞形:鸠尾峡部的宽度颊舌尖的1/2 ~ 1/3、鸠尾峡部的位置轴髓线角内侧、轴髓线角圆钝、鸠尾形态美观、避让牙尖和嵴、洞深1.5 ~ 2.0 mm
④总体洞形:点线角清晰圆钝、外形线圆缓、病变彻底去除、避免去除过多的健康牙体
⑤保护邻牙
橡皮障隔离(在髓腔入口制备和G.V.BlackⅡ类洞制备时均考核) ①助手准备:摆盘物品有序、分区正确,调节光源,及时吸唾,保持视野清晰,术后牙椅复位良好
②医护操作:治疗体位合适,橡皮布和橡皮障夹选择正确,孔的定位准确和分区清楚,打孔力度正确和边缘整齐,橡皮障固位正确,不能遮盖患者的鼻子和眼睛,面弓安装正确,牙龈封闭剂涂布正确且严密不渗漏,四手配合熟练,器械传递不跨越患者头面部,正确且有序拆卸橡皮障
表2 牙体牙髓病学临床技能竞赛评分结果
图1 参赛学生髓腔入口制备出现的主要问题 A:开髓洞形过小,导致髓室顶未揭净,没有暴露所有根管口;B:髓室底形成台阶,牙体破坏大;C:开髓洞形过深,造成髓室底穿通
图2 参赛学生G.V.BlackⅡ类洞制备出现的主要问题 A:颊舌侧壁不平整、邻面洞形未形成梯形,洞缘角锐利、鸠尾形态不佳、点线角尖锐、外形线欠佳;B:鸠尾形态不佳、破坏牙尖和嵴、去除过多的健康牙体、破坏邻牙;C:破坏邻牙
图3 参赛学生橡皮障隔离出现的主要问题 A:孔的定位和分区不正确,错将前牙的孔用在了磨牙;B:橡皮障未完全隔离口腔,上颌前牙暴露
图4 参赛学生无菌操作意识欠缺
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