牙槽外科为口腔颌面外科的一部分，但其不仅局限于颌面外科专业，而且涉及多学科的基础治疗方法。 因此，牙槽外科手术越来越受到学者们的重视。 锥形束计算机体层摄影术（CBCT）是当今最有前途和实用性的口腔颌面影像设备，它的应用给口腔颌面部疾病的诊断和治疗带来了革命性的变化，使口腔临床诊断变得更加容易、更加准确，其不仅克服了曲面断层片的局限，同时还避免了传统CT 诸多不足，因而在牙槽外科中得到越来越广泛的应用。 本文结合国内外最新研究成果，对CBCT 的优势及其在牙槽外科各领域中的应用做一综述。

Alveolar surgery is part of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery involved in multidisciplinary basic treatment method. Alveolar surgery is drawing more and more attention. Cone-beam computed tomography （CBCT） is the most promising and practical oral and maxillofacial imaging equipment， its application brought a revolutionary change in the diagnosis and treatment of the oral and maxillofacial diseases， made oral clinical diagnosis easier and more accurate， it not only overcomes the limitations of panoramic radiography， but also avoids the inadequate of traditional CT， it has been widely used in the alveolar surgery. In this paper， we reviewed the advantages of CBCT and its applications in alveolar surgery combining the latest research results at home and abroad.