目的

探讨一种改良的运动护齿器（MG）制作技术，使存在前牙开 或深覆盖的患者在戴入MG 后达到全颌接触的平衡状态；并对这种全颌接触式MG 的临床使用效果进行随访观察。

方法

依据纳入标准选择大学生篮球运动员60 名，随机分为使用组和对照组，采用分区分层热压成型法为使用组球员制作全颌接触式MG。 要求使用组球员每次进行篮球运动时均佩戴全颌接触式MG，记录全体球员在18 个月观察期内参与篮球活动的次数，并记录进行篮球运动时发生牙松动、折裂、脱落、软组织损伤、颌骨损伤或脱位等口腔颌面部运动创伤的次数，收集使用者对全颌接触式MG 的使用评价，比较使用组与对照组各种创伤的发生率。

结果

应用分区分层热压成型法成功制作了30 例全颌接触式MG。多数使用者认为其具有较好的佩戴舒适性，观察期内使用组各种口颌运动创伤总发生率为6‰，而对照组为24‰，两者差异有统计学意义。

结论

采用分区分层热压成型法可快捷有效地制备全颌接触式MG；使用全颌接触式MG 可使口腔颌面部运动创伤的发生率显著降低。

Objective

The purpose of this study was to describe a fabricating method of custom-made mouthguards （MG）， by wearing which patients with open bite or deep overjet in anterior teeth or malocclusion can achieve a full-balanced occlusion， and to evaluate the protecting effectiveness of this new kind of MG with full-balanced occlusion.

Methods

Under the inclusion criteria， sixty basketball players from universities were recruited and were divided into too group randomly. One group were given MGs with full-balanced occlusion， which were fabricated from EVA membranes using the method of laminated thermoforming， while the other group served as control. All the players were required to record the times of participating basketball games and every single injuries from that， including loosened or fractured teeth，avulsed teeth， rupture of soft tissues， injuries or dislocation of jaws. And the comments from the users were also collected. Data of injuries were analyzed and the results of experimental group and control group were compared by χ² test.

Results

30 MGs with full balanced occlusion were made and delivered to the players. Most of users thought the MG was comfortable to wear. And the injuries data analysis showed the experimental group had only 6‰ incidence of maxillofacial injuries， which was statistically lower than that of the control group （24‰）.

Conclusion

The MG with full balanced occlusion could be fabricated efficiently using the method of laminated thermoforming. And this new kind of MG provided effective protect for users with open bite in anterior teeth or malocclusion against maxillofacial injury when playing basketball.